Evolution of Multiple Layered Structure of Contracts in International Business Transactions

国际商业交易中合同多层结构的演变

基本信息

批准号：
14520038
负责人：
SAITO Akira
金额：
$ 1.73万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

International businesses are carried out by using the socio-economical institution of Transaction (or Contract in legal term), which is based on the mutual agreement of the parties. National borders are becoming to be less important today for the social and economical activities of the people. As the cross border mutual economic dependency between the societies progress, the parties are becoming to use more diverse, complicated and large-scaled forms of contracts than before.This research started from the investigation of the agreements as to the selection of applicable laws and forums for civil dispute resolution. On this basis, the parties are able to develop the private ordering techniques for controlling complex contractual relationships i.e., relational contracts. In this research project, I analyzed various measures of ordering contractual relationships. On the other hand, I also tried to analyze the transition of the character of rules governing these relationships. The states seem to be rapidly loosing its regulatory powers in this area and various private actors are becoming more influential.However, the states still play important roles as the supervisors of the rule of the game, rather than as the direct regulators of the international business transactions. These trends are very clear as to the aspect of increasing importance of competition law, for the enforcement of which states are still dominant players. These activities are becoming more aggressive than before.

国际商务是利用交易（或法律术语中的合同）这一社会经济制度进行的，这种制度以双方的共同协议为基础。如今，国界对于人们的社会和经济活动变得不再那么重要。随着社会之间跨境经济相互依赖的加深，当事人使用的合同形式比以前更加多样化、复杂化和规模化。本研究从协议的调查开始，到适用法律和法院的选择用于民事纠纷解决。在此基础上，各方能够开发用于控制复杂合同关系（即关系合同）的私人订购技术。在这个研究项目中，我分析了排序合同关系的各种措施。另一方面，我也试图分析支配这些关系的规则性质的转变。国家似乎正在迅速失去这一领域的监管权力，各种私人行为者的影响力也越来越大。然而，国家仍然扮演着游戏规则监督者的重要角色，而不是国际商业的直接监管者交易。这些趋势非常明显，表明竞争法的重要性日益增加，而在竞争法的执行方面，国家仍然占主导地位。这些活动比以前变得更加激进。