Social Changes in Economic Development

经济发展中的社会变革

基本信息

批准号：
14402013
负责人：
NAKANISHI Toru
金额：
$ 5.12万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Our results of the research show an alternative approach against the well-known community-based development approach which strengthens the need of organization, while our purpose was to understand the effects of kinship system or social customs on the changes in the localities during economic development in the developing countries. It can be clarified that, in the Philippines, Colombia and South Korea, we re-discover the built-in social networks as the conditions for the emergence of a community in the localities. Only such networks can give the residents feelings of attachment to the locality and common interests among them, which can create a community. This logic is completely different from that of the New Institutional Approach, which states that the economic incentives induce the formation of a community. Our study suggests that community organization through incentive mechanism does not promote efficient community functions and rather does disturb the social networks which give basis for a community. In other words, we show the importance of social scientific re-discovery of built-in community-based resources, which have already exist as the initial conditions in the localities. In the Philippines, the social networks built by kinship-matrimonial relationships contribute to the emergence of a community among the urban poor and the enrichments of their standard of livings. The urban poor in Colombia realize "participation" by employing the town-mates and kinship networks. In South Korea, the share of common culture and historical memories more contribute to the behavioral decision-makings of the families than the economic incentives do. Furthermore, we show that such social networks will create a circulation mechanism of the local resources which can overcome Market Fundamentalism. In the future, we will extend our studies to deepen understanding of a community by developing social network analysis and extending coverage of the scopes as well as the areas.

我们的研究结果表明了一种替代众所周知的基于社区的发展方法，这种方法加强了组织的需要，而我们的目的是了解亲属制度或社会习俗对经济发展过程中地方变化的影响。发展中国家。可以澄清的是，在菲律宾、哥伦比亚和韩国，我们重新发现内置的社交网络作为当地社区出现的条件。只有这样的网络才能让居民产生对地方的归属感和共同利益，从而形成社区。这一逻辑与新制度路径的逻辑完全不同，新制度路径认为经济激励导致共同体的形成。我们的研究表明，通过激励机制进行的社区组织并不能促进有效的社区功能，反而会扰乱为社区提供基础的社交网络。换句话说，我们展示了社会科学重新发现内置社区资源的重要性，这些资源已经作为当地的初始条件而存在。在菲律宾，由亲属婚姻关系建立的社会网络有助于城市贫民社区的出现并提高他们的生活水平。哥伦比亚的城市贫民通过利用同乡和亲属网络实现“参与”。在韩国，共同文化和历史记忆对家庭行为决策的影响比经济激励更大。此外，我们表明，这样的社交网络将创建一种可以克服市场原教旨主义的本地资源循环机制。未来，我们将通过发展社交网络分析并扩大范围和领域的覆盖范围来扩展我们的研究，以加深对社区的了解。