Research on evolution of larval skeleton in sea urchin: Echinometridae

海胆：棘螈科幼虫骨骼进化研究

• 批准号: 13839008
• 负责人: WADA Hiroshi
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13839008/
• 关键词: Sea urchin; Echinometridae; larval skeleton; evolution; molecular phylogeny; 第一次間充織細胞; 幼生骨片; 小割球; 比重; 分布深度; 幼生; プランクトン; 骨格形態; ミトコンドリアDNA; ND1; ND2

To understand the morphological variety of larval skeletons within the Echinometridae, a detailed comparative study was performed, which included quantitative morphometry. In order to extract skeletal characters which are stable in four-armed pluteus stage, we compare skeletal characters of two-day-old larvae (prior to feeding) with those of larvae fed for a few days. By this way, we found five skeletal characters of body-skeleton are stable four-armed pluteus. Morphological variations among the Echinometridae species were summarized as the difference in the number of spine and posteroventral transverse rod, and those in the shape of body-skeleton, and we found that based on these characters species can be identified from larval skeleton. Significant correlation can be detected between skeletal characters, such as between lower body length and number of spines, and between upper body length and posteroventral transverse rod length. We have also performed molecular phylogenetic analyses for 15 species of Echinometridae, together with some experiments on functional aspects of larval morphology.

为了了解棘蝽科幼虫骨骼的形态多样性，进行了详细的比较研究，其中包括定量形态测量。为了提取四臂蝾螈阶段稳定的骨骼特征，我们将两天大的幼虫（摄食前）的骨骼特征与喂养了几天的幼虫的骨骼特征进行了比较。这样，我们发现身体骨骼的五个骨骼特征是稳定的四臂臀肌。棘蝽科物种之间的形态变异概括为脊柱和后腹横杆的数量以及身体骨骼形状的差异，我们发现根据这些特征可以从幼虫骨骼中识别物种。骨骼特征之间可以检测到显着的相关性，例如下半身长度和脊柱数量之间，以及上半身长度和后腹横杆长度之间。我们还对 15 种 Echinometridae 进行了分子系统发育分析，并对幼虫形态的功能方面进行了一些实验。