Water and sediment delivery process and hazard environment linking with drainage net system and landscape changes in catchments scale

水沙输送过程及灾害环境与排水网系统及流域规模景观变化的关系

基本信息

批准号：
12306008
负责人：
ARAYA Tohru
金额：
$ 28.47万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Understanding how the sediment is transported through a catchment is a key issue for food and environmental resources management. Our research project aims to clear the sediment delivery ratios linking with catchment scale, climatic and geological settings and land use in Rim Pacific countries. The sediment production, storage and delivery process in source-to-sink (mountain to sea) sedimentary systems spaced during several square kilometer and thousands square kilometer was examined. The research was conducted in not only Hokkaido to Kyushu in Japan but also New Zealand, Australia and China in Rim Pacific. The result was summarized that the duration and magnitude of sediment storage was determined by catchment scale, averaged catchment slope and rainfall magnitude, and the flow rate and annual volume of suspended sediment were controlled by these factors Adding to it, the flume experimental study available for developing hydrological model ha been done. The influences of sedimentary cascades on riparian and aquatic ecological systems were also examined. The research project managed the international workshop for the source-to-sink sediment transport in catchment scale in Sapporo in 2003, which has invited sediment researchers from Australia, New Zealand, USA, Thailand and Korea. To mitigate and prevent sediment disasters the source-to-sink sedimentary cascades affected by changing catchnment system were successfully cleared in this study.

了解沉积物如何通过流域运输是粮食和环境资源管理的关键问题。我们的研究项目旨在明确环太平洋国家的泥沙输送比率与流域规模、气候和地质环境以及土地利用的关系。研究了数平方公里和数千平方公里的源-汇（山-海）沉积系统中沉积物的产生、储存和输送过程。这项研究不仅在日本的北海道到九州进行，而且还在环太平洋地区的新西兰、澳大利亚和中国进行。结果表明，流域规模、平均流域坡度和降雨量决定了泥沙储存的持续时间和大小，而这些因素控制了悬浮泥沙的流速和年体积。此外，水槽实验研究可用于水文模型的开发工作已经完成。还研究了沉积瀑布对河岸和水生生态系统的影响。该研究项目于2003年在札幌主办了流域规模的源-汇沉积物输送国际研讨会，邀请了来自澳大利亚、新西兰、美国、泰国和韩国的沉积物研究人员。为了减轻和预防泥沙灾害，本研究成功地清除了受流域系统变化影响的源-汇沉积梯级。