The Basic Study of Lipids Remained on Ancient Pottery

古代陶器上的脂质基础研究

• 批准号: 11680164
• 负责人: HORIUCHI Akiko
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: International Christian University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11680164/
• 关键词: lipid; glyceride; fatty acid; cholesterol; phytosterol; gas chromatography; archaeology; pottery; ステロール

In order to investigate the life style and environment of ancient people from lipids remained on ancient pottery, the reliability of analytical results is crucial. Accordingly, we have collected, analyzed and discussed the basic data on how lipids, adsorbed on pottery models, changed with time under various environments. In 1999 and 2000, the research was focused on fatty acids (FA) and glyerides, and in 2001, sterols were studied. These lipids of known composition were adhered to the pottery model and left in air, in sealed tube, buried in soil and in water (2001) for maximum of 1650 days. The lipids were recovered at certain time intervals and changes of lipids were monitored. From these results, we have found that lipids migrate to the inner part of the pottery with time and trapped within the matrix of the pottery. Therefore, from 2000 on, lipids were recovered from the surface as well as from inner portion of the pottery. In the final year (2002), lipids were extracted from Jomon … More pottery (Kastusaka type , and Kasori type E), and sterols were analysesResults: (1) Triglycerides (TG) were slowly decomposed to FA with time. (2) FA compositions changed under all conditions. (3) TG adsorbed deep inside the pottery maintained its composition relatively well especially if kept in the sealed tube or in water (155 days). (4) The ratio of pytosterols (campesterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol) and animal cholesterol remained constant within acceptable error under all conditions (45days). (5) Sterols were detected from the extract of Jomon pottery, but since amount was very small, the efficient method to hydrolyze sterol esters was developed, and detectable sterols were increased significantly. (6) Cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol were detected from Jomon pottery. The ratio of pytosterol/cholesterol differed between extracts from inner and outer pottery of deep dish, probably caused by cooking process, but the ratio was similar for shallow dish used for serving Less

为了通过古代陶器上残留的脂质来了解古代人的生活方式和环境，分析结果的可靠性至关重要。因此，我们收集、分析和讨论了陶器模型上吸附的脂质如何变化的基础数据。 1999年和2000年，研究重点是脂肪酸（FA）和甘油酯，2001年，研究了这些已知成分的脂质。到陶器模型中，并放置在空气中、密封管中、埋在土壤和水中（2001年），以一定的时间间隔回收脂质，并监测脂质的变化。随着时间的推移，脂质会迁移到陶器的内部并被困在陶器的基质中，因此，从 2000 年开始，脂质从陶器的表面和内部被回收。去年（2002年），从绳文陶器（Kastusaka型和Kasori E型）中提取脂质，并对甾醇进行分析结果：（1）甘油三酯（TG）随着时间缓慢分解为FA（2）FA组成发生变化。 (3) TG 吸附在陶器内部深处，相对较好地保持其成分，特别是如果保存在密封管或水中 (155 (4) 在所有条件下(45天)，植物甾醇(菜油甾醇、豆甾醇、β-谷甾醇)和动物胆固醇的比率在可接受的误差范围内保持恒定。 (5)从绳纹陶器的提取物中检测到甾醇，但量非常小。开发了高效水解甾醇酯的方法，可检测的甾醇显着增加（6）胆固醇、菜油甾醇、豆甾醇、绳纹陶器中检测到β-谷甾醇。深盘内外陶器提取物中的植物甾醇/胆固醇比例不同，可能是由于烹饪过程造成的，但用于盛菜的浅盘的比例相似。