The Cosmic Energy Inventory : Construction and Consistency Investigations

宇宙能量清单：构建和一致性调查

• 批准号: 20540255
• 负责人: FUKUGITA Masataka
• 金额: $ 2.33万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2008 至 2010
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-20540255/
• 关键词: 宇宙物理(理論); 宇宙論; 銀河の質量分布; 弱重力レンズ; 宇宙シミュレーション; ヴィリアル半徑; Sloan Digital Sky Survey; 宇宙論パラメター; 重力レンズ頻度; 宇宙エネルギー型録; 星生成率; SDSS測光標準系; 宇宙塵(dust); 円盤・バルヂ分解; 宇宙背景輻射; 宇宙塵; 超新星生起率; 銀河合體

The two noteworthy findings, among others, are that(i) the mass of galaxies is distributed far away to the distance beyond the gravitational binding radius(virial radius), and(ii) a significant amount of dust is present outside galaxies, i. e., dust produced in stars in galaxies is blown out even to the distance beyond the galactic haloes. These mean that the universe is not empty anywhere.Weak gravitational lensing, when applied to large galaxy-quasar samples, leads us to estimate the column mass density. When plotted as a function of the distance from galaxies, it gives us mass distribution of galaxies as a function of the distance with the aid of N body simulations(dark matter only) which are constrained by the observed mass distribution. The result is that the mass associated with galaxies is extended to the middle to the neibouring galaxy, far beyond the virial radius, and the mass contained in the virial radius is only 25% of the total. This result applies both dark matter that is the main component of the galaxy and baryons. This also explains the discrepancy between the two mass density estimates, one using the luminosity density times the average mass-to-light ratio of galaxies and the other the global estimate using such as the cosmic microwave background fluctuation.The other conspicuous result is that dust is present not only in HI regions of galactic discs but also outside the galaxy, even beyond the virial radius, while dust is supposed to be produced by stars in galactic discs. The integrated amount of dust present outside galactic discs is as much as, or even more than, that in galactic discs. When added both component the amount of dust in the universe becomes consistent with the accumulated amount expected from the star formation history over the cosmic time. The extragalactic component accounts for missing dust in the cosmic energy inventory and it now closes.

这两个值得注意的发现，包括（i）星系的质量分布在重力结合半径（病毒半径）之外的距离上，以及（ii）星系外的两个灰尘，i。例如，在星系中恒星产生的灰尘甚至被吹到银河光环以外的距离。这些意味着宇宙在任何地方都没有空。当绘制是距星系距离的函数时，它为我们提供了星系的质量分布，这是借助N身体模拟（仅暗物质）的距离的函数，该距离受到观察到的质量分布的约束。结果是，与星系相关的质量延伸至中部到新的星系，远远超出了病毒半径，而病毒半径中包含的质量仅为总数的25％。该结果既应用了暗物质，这是银河系和重子的主要组成部分。这也解释了两个质量密度估计之间的差异，一种是使用亮度密度时间的平均质量与光的比率，而另一个使用诸如宇宙微波背景的全球估计值的平均质量比率，另一个明显的结果是，尘埃不仅是在银河系外面的恒星中，而且在星际式的疾病之外，还存在着尘埃，而尘埃不仅是尘埃飞行，而且还存在着尘埃的杂物。银河盘外部存在的尘埃量远远超过银河盘中的灰尘。添加两个组件时，宇宙中的灰尘量与宇宙时间内恒星形成历史的预期累积量变得一致。外乳乳外部分子是宇宙能量清单中缺少灰尘的，现在关闭了。

项目成果

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey quasar lens search. IV : Statistical lens sample from the fifth data release

斯隆数字巡天类星体镜头搜索。

• DOI: 10.1088/0004-6256/140/2/403
• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: Astron. J.
• 作者: N. Inada;M. Oguri;M. S. Shin;I. Kayo;M. A. Strauss;J. F. Hannawi;T. Morokuma;R. H. Becker;R. L. White;C. S. Kochanek;M. D. Gregg;K. Chiu;D. E. Johnston;A. Clocchiatti;G. T. Richards;D. P. Schneider;J. A. Frieman;M. Fukugita;R. J. Gott;P
• 通讯作者: P

Effects of massive neutrinos on the structure formation of the universe

大质量中微子对宇宙结构形成的影响

• 发表时间: 2009
• 作者: C.S. Chu;P. M. Ho;Y. Matsuo;S. Shiba;M.Fukugita
• 通讯作者: M.Fukugita

PHOTOMETRIC RESPONSE FUNCTIONS OF THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY IMAGER

• DOI: 10.1088/0004-6256/139/4/1628
• 发表时间: 2010-02
• 期刊: The Astronomical Journal
• 作者: M. Doi;Masayuki Tanaka;M. Fukugita;J. Gunn;N. Yasuda;Ž. Ivezić;J. Brinkmann;Ernst de Haars

Matter distribution around galaxies

星系周围的物质分布

• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: Astrophys.J.
• 作者: S.Masaki;M.Fukugita;N.Yoshida
• 通讯作者: N.Yoshida

Supernovae in the Subaru Deep Field: the rate and delay-time distribution of Type la supernovae out to redshift 2

斯巴鲁深场中的超新星：la型超新星到达红移2的速率和延迟时间分布

• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: Mon.Not.Roy.astr.Soc.
• 作者: O.Graur;D.Poznanski;D.Maoz;N.Yasuda;T.Totani;M.Fukugita;A.V.Filippenko;R.J.Foley;J.M.Silverman
• 通讯作者: J.M.Silverman