Medieval Philosophy of Language and Logic : its Origin and Development

中世纪语言哲学和逻辑哲学:它的起源和发展

• 批准号: 10301001
• 负责人: SHIMIZU Tetsuro
• 金额: $ 9.41万
• 依托单位: TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10301001/
• 关键词: Liberal Arts; Medieval Philosophy; Philosophy of Language and Logic; Logic; Grammar; LOGOS; Ancient Philosophy; History of christian thoughts; 記号論; オッカム; 中世論理学; アンセルムス; アベラルドゥス; ストア論理学; ディアレクティケー

1. As to the origin of western medieval philosophy of language and logic, we have investigated, first, the mathematical and geometrical tradition originated from Pytagoreans, and logical point of view founded by Parmenides, as well as the tradition of Aristotelian logic ; secondly, the tradition of the logos that lies behind the phenomena of nature, and thirdly into the role of Stoic logic with reference to the medieval logic, and found out some significant relationships between stoic logic and St. Augustin's theory of language. Moreover, we have found out an important role of christian theory of words, which is behind the medieval theory of ideas of things in God before the creation, and which can be the basis for the theory of performative force of words, or the activity of words in communication as well.2. As to the development of the medieval philosophy of language, we have investigated, first, the beginning of the school education at Carolingian period, where the theory of language can be seen in the effort of making consistency between the theory of grammar and that of dialectic ; secondly, the development in late 11th and 12th centuries, which was deeply connected with the political stories between the schools of Paris. We also found out that the idea of words as conceptual entities, not only vocal ones, is brought into the dialectic on the basis of christian thought of God's speaking. Many other points have been found out concerning the theory of logic and language working in the field of theology and metaphysics.3. Investigations into the history of perspectivism and anti-perspectivism, or into the books of emblems have been done, by which we have become able to look over the range of the field that the philosophy of language and logic belongs to.

1.关于西方中世纪语言哲学和逻辑哲学的起源，我们首先考察了源于毕达哥拉斯学派的数学和几何传统，以及巴门尼德创立的逻辑观点，以及亚里士多德逻辑的传统；其次，自然现象背后的逻各斯传统；第三，参照中世纪逻辑，探讨斯多葛逻辑的作用，找出斯多葛逻辑与圣奥古斯丁语言理论之间的一些重要关系。此外，我们还发现了基督教语言理论的重要作用，它是中世纪上帝创世前事物观念理论的基础，它可以成为语言表现力理论或语言活动理论的基础。沟通中的言语也是如此。2。关于中世纪语言哲学的发展，我们首先考察了加洛林时期学校教育的开始，其中语言理论表现为语法理论与辩证法理论相一致的努力。 ;其次，11世纪末、12世纪的发展，与巴黎学派之间的政治故事有着深刻的联系。我们还发现，词作为概念实体的观念，而不仅仅是声音的实体，被带入基于上帝说话的基督教思想的辩证法中。关于逻辑和语言理论在神学和形而上学领域的工作，人们还发现了许多其他观点。3．对透视主义和反透视主义的历史，或者对象征书籍的研究已经完成，通过这些研究，我们已经能够看到语言哲学和逻辑哲学所属的领域的范围。