A Research for the contents of court's decision recorded in documents, and an analyses of the logic behind the legal thinking for the reasoning or justification of decisions in medieval Japan

文献记载的法院判决内容研究及中世纪日本判决推理或论证的法律思维背后的逻辑分析

• 批准号: 19530014
• 负责人: NISHIMURA Yasuhiro
• 金额: $ 2.83万
• 依托单位: Doshisha University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2007 至 2009
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-19530014/
• 关键词: 日本中世法; 裁判; 下知状; 判決; 判決理由; 裁判規範; 法規範; 召文; 問状; 鎌倉幕府; 裁許状; 判決内容; 訴陳状; 書面審理手続; 対決手続; 下知; 和与; 所務沙汰; 日本中世; 法の論理; 法の適用; 訴訟手続

This research has pursued mainly by collecting two kinds of data, in order to analyze the ways of describing decisions issued by the courts of the Kamakura Shogunate. In this research, therefore, it is also important aspects in observing the documents that we should examine what the style of legal thinking was, and how it was worked in approaching to each judgment. Furthermore, this research has focused on and analyzed the variety of reasons applied to each decision. The data are collected from almost of all contents of decisions which we can recognize in documents remained, originally issued to a party by the court. And this research also has demonstrated the trial procedure, particularly in a case of a party's negligence of summons. It can be said that the court did not automatically give a decision in favor of a party, because of the negligence. In justice system of Kamakura Shogunate, a party of negligence would be punished by the article No.35 of Goseibai-shikimoku, which wrote it as one of fundamental norms. So, in traditional understanding of such case, the norm was automatically adopted, without careful investigation for the circumstances. This research, which has tried to analyzed the contents of decisions, however, can show that the court of Kamakura Bakufu had a principle for judgment. The principle was that an insistence of a party could be reasoned correctly, only when obvious fact presented to the court by a party as a certain proof, whose form was a correct document style, and which also included a sort of custom law or one of laws issued by Kamakura Shogunate.

本研究主要通过收集两种数据来分析描述镰仓幕府法院做出的判决的方式。因此，在本研究中，观察文献的一个重要方面是我们应该考察法律思维的风格是什么，以及它是如何在接近每个判决时发挥作用的。此外，本研究重点关注并分析了每个决策的各种原因。这些数据是从法院最初向当事人发出的剩余文件中可以识别的几乎所有判决内容中收集的。本研究还论证了审判程序，特别是在当事人疏忽传票的案件中。可以说，法院并没有因为疏忽而自动做出有利于一方的判决。在镰仓幕府的司法体系中，有过失的一方将受到御成败式目第35条的惩罚，并将其作为基本规范之一。因此，在对此类案件的传统理解中，没有仔细调查具体情况，就自动采用了该规范。然而，本研究试图分析判决的内容，但可以表明镰仓幕府法院有一个判决原则。其原则是，只有当一方当事人向法院提交明显的事实作为某种证据，其形式是正确的文件格式，并且还包括一种习惯法或一种习惯法时，当事人的主张才能得到正确的推理。镰仓幕府颁布的法律。

项目成果

鎌倉幕府の裁判における召文・問状に関する覚え書き-その理解の現状と今後の課題-

关于镰仓幕府审判中的传票和讯问的备忘录 - 理解的现状和未来的挑战 -

• 发表时间: 2009
• 期刊: 同志社法学会編 同志社法学 第60巻第7号
• 作者: 岩谷十郎;村上一博;三阪佳弘;朝治啓三・苑田亜矢;苑田亜矢;西村安博;西村安博;西村安博
• 通讯作者: 西村安博

鎌倉幕府の裁判における問状・召文に関する覚え書き-その理解の現状と今後の課題-

关于镰仓幕府审判中的质询和传票的备忘录 - 理解的现状和未来的挑战 -

• 发表时间: 2009
• 期刊: (同志社法学会編『同志社法学』 第60巻第7号
• 作者: 岩谷十郎;村上一博;三阪佳弘;朝治啓三・苑田亜矢;苑田亜矢;西村安博;西村安博
• 通讯作者: 西村安博

書評「岩元修一著『初期室町幕府訴訟制度の研究』」

书评：岩本秀一《室町幕府早期诉讼制度研究》

• 发表时间: 2009
• 期刊: 法制史学会編 法制史研究 第58号(原稿受理印刷中)
• 作者: 岩谷十郎;村上一博;三阪佳弘;朝治啓三・苑田亜矢;苑田亜矢;西村安博;西村安博;西村安博;西村安博
• 通讯作者: 西村安博

HBBシリーズ史料で読む日本法史

用HBB系列史料读懂日本法制史

• 发表时间: 2009
• 作者: 岩谷十郎;村上一博;三阪佳弘;朝治啓三・苑田亜矢;苑田亜矢;西村安博;西村安博;西村安博;西村安博;Yasuhiro NISHIMURA;村上一博・西村安博編
• 通讯作者: 村上一博・西村安博編

Admissions of Accords:Authorized Dispute Settlement in the Judicial Process in 13th-and 14th-Century Japan

协议的接纳:13世纪和14世纪日本司法程序中授权的争端解决

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: The Huskins Society Journal, Japan-Studies in Medieval History Vol.3
• 作者: 岩谷十郎;村上一博;三阪佳弘;朝治啓三・苑田亜矢;苑田亜矢;西村安博;西村安博;西村安博;西村安博;Yasuhiro NISHIMURA
• 通讯作者: Yasuhiro NISHIMURA