A psycho-anthropological study on cultural differences

关于文化差异的心理人类学研究

• 批准号: 08041087
• 负责人: KAWAI Hayao
• 金额: $ 11.07万
• 依托单位: International Research Center for Japanese Studies
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08041087/
• 关键词: psychological experiment; memorial recall test; old tale; familiarity of tales; education language; Japan; Westernization; 高校生; 心理学的研究; カメルーン; ベトナム; フランス; ミクロネシア; 思考パターンの文化差; 教育言語; 文化; ブラジル; 高校2年生; サンパウロ; ベレン; 異類婚姻譚; 心理学実験; 文化差; 話の再

This program performed psychological recall tests of two different types of old tales throughout the world. The countries where the tests performed were as follows : the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Brazil, Indonesia, Cameroon, Vietnam, and Micronesia Republik.We found that values of recall ratio of Asian and Afrikan countries, where the tests had been perforned in our previos program, are comparatively higher than those of Europian countries and Brazil are. Difference of recall rates is explained that rather the familiarity of tales than the other conditions such as economic one in each country affects it. We can see old tales have been available on their culture even among urban peoples in Asian and African countries. This interpretation is supported by the fact that East-Berliners are Brazilians have little custom to tell old tales to children.We also confirmed that testees modified the story connected with the culture of each country including religion, morals, and manners. But analysis of Java Island test comparing with that of Bali Island test showed that religion can less affect the story chages than nationality (nationarity may concern withdistance).Language correlation was found in two sets of tests, French test in France and Cameroon and English test in England and Cameroon. We also found some keywords to explain the differnce, for example "native language vs. education language" or "similarity between a colonical country vs. its suzerain country, " which are further problems.The detail data of all the tests, including the previous ones and a Japanese tests for the sake of comparison, were printed and attached to this report.

该计划对世界各地两种不同类型的古老故事进行了心理回忆测试。进行测试的国家如下：英国、法国、德国、巴西、印度尼西亚、喀麦隆、越南和密克罗尼西亚共和国。我们发现进行过测试的亚洲和非洲国家的召回率值我们以前的计划，相对高于欧洲国家和巴西。回忆率的差异被解释为是故事的熟悉程度而不是每个国家的经济条件等其他条件对其产生影响。我们可以看到，即使在亚洲和非洲国家的城市居民中，也有关于他们文化的古老故事。这种解释得到了事实的支持：东柏林人是巴西人，几乎没有给孩子们讲旧故事的习惯。我们还证实，测试者修改了与每个国家的文化有关的故事，包括宗教、道德和礼仪。但爪哇岛测试与巴厘岛测试的分析表明，宗教对故事变化的影响小于国籍（国籍可能与距离有关）。在法国和喀麦隆的法语测试和英语测试两组测试中都发现了语言相关性。在英格兰和喀麦隆。我们还找到了一些关键词来解释这种差异，例如“母语与教育语言”或“殖民地国家与宗主国之间的相似性”，这些都是进一步的问题。所有测试的详细数据，包括之前的测试为了进行比较，打印了一个和日本的测试并附在本报告中。

项目成果

Zhu Jie: "The Madness Which Performed As a Bridge Between The World of Buddhism And The World of Devil" I.F.Report Ishida Foundation. No.2. 83-86 (1997)

朱杰：“连接佛教世界与魔界的桥梁的疯狂” I.F.Report 石田基金会。

小野 芳彦: "Transformation of Japanese Society as a Result of Information Revolution" Institute for Social Conflict Research and IRCJS. 第10号. 22-41 (1998)

小野佳彦：“信息革命导致的日本社会转型”社会冲突研究所和 IRCJS，第 10 期 22-41（1998 年）。

河合 隼雄: "おはなしコレクション(8)創世物語と両性具有" 週刊朝日. 14. 156-162 (1997)

河合隼雄：《故事集（8）创世故事与双性体》《朝日周刊》14. 156-162（1997）。

朱 捷: "仏界・魔界を橋渡しするパフォーマンスとしての風狂" I.F.Report (財)石田財団. No.2. 83-86 (1997)

朱杰：《福镜作为连接佛教与魔界的表演》I.F.Report（基金会）石田基金会第2期（1997）。

河合隼雄: "昔話の記憶再生における文化差の研究(その1)韓国" 日本教育心理学会36回総会. (1994)

河合隼雄：“民间故事记忆回忆中的文化差异研究（第1部分）韩国”日本教育心理学会第36届全体会议（1994年）。