Factors Affecting the Variation of Respiration Rate of Rice Plant During On togenesis

影响水稻发育过程呼吸速率变化的因素

• 批准号: 07660020
• 负责人: SAITOH Kuniyuki
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: Okayama University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07660020/
• 关键词: Crop growth rate; Dark respiration; Growth efficiency; Rice; Temperature coefficient; 施肥レベル; 窒素濃度; 水耕栽培; 枯葉; 老化

To clarify the effects of dark respiration on the dry matter production, respiration rates (Rr) in the different plant parts of rice plants, grown in the field, were measured for two years. The maximum rate of Rr in whole plant was recorded at the start of measurement (rooting stage) followed by a rapid decrease to the heading time and decreased gradually towards maturity. Rr in leaf blade and stem became nearly constant after the end of leaf expansion and during ripening period, respectively. This implies that Rr in matured plant organs shows a small variation. Although the temperature coefficient of Rr was 2.055 in average, it changed during growth season and among different organs. The growth efficiency, GE=DELTA W/ (DELTA W+Rp) (DELTAW ; increase of dry matter, Rp ; respiratory loss) maintained above 60% during earlier stage, and decreased gradually with growth, followed by the rapid decrease at the late ripening period. It means the increase in respiration is independent to dry-matter production. Although almost same amount of carbohydrates were respired, the GE at late ripening stage in 1992 (35%) with much sunshine hours was higher than that in 1991 (5%). This revealed that decrease in GE was mainly caused by the decrease in gross photosynthesis. Large amount of carbohydrates translocation also decreases GE of whole plant.

为了阐明暗呼吸对干物质生产的影响，对田间种植的水稻植物不同部位的呼吸速率（Rr）进行了两年的测量。在测量开始时（生根阶段）记录全株Rr的最大速率，随后到抽穗期迅速下降，并在成熟时逐渐下降。叶片和茎中的 Rr 分别在叶展开结束后和成熟期间几乎保持恒定。这意味着成熟植物器官中的 Rr 显示出较小的变化。虽然Rr的温度系数平均为2.055，但它在生长季节和不同器官之间存在变化。生长效率GE=DELTA W/(DELTA W+Rp)(DELTAW；干物质增加，Rp；呼吸损失)前期维持在60%以上，随生长逐渐下降，后期迅速下降成熟期。这意味着呼吸的增加与干物质的产生无关。尽管呼吸的碳水化合物量基本相同，但1992年日照时间多的晚熟期GE（35%）高于1991年（5%）。这表明GE的下降主要是由于总光合作用的下降造成的。大量的碳水化合物易位也降低了全株的GE。

项目成果

Saitoh, K.et al.: "Factors Affecting the growth efficiency in the later stage of field grown rice stand" Jpn.J.Crop Sci.66 (submitted).

Saitoh, K.等人：“影响田间种植水稻后期生长效率的因素”Jpn.J.Crop Sci.66（已提交）。

斉藤邦行・土居寿幸・黒田俊郎: "水稲の暗呼吸速度に及ぼす窒素濃度の影響" 日本作物学会紀事. 65(印刷中). (1996)

Kuniyuki Saito、Toshiyuki Doi 和 Toshiro Kuroda：“氮浓度对水稻暗呼吸速率的影响”，日本作物科学学会通报 65（出版中）。

齊藤邦行・土居寿幸・黒田俊郎: "水稲の暗呼吸速度に及ぼす窒素濃度の影響" 日本作物学会紀事. 65(別1). 118-119 (1996)

Kuniyuki Saito、Toshiyuki Doi 和 Toshiro Kuroda：“氮浓度对水稻暗呼吸速率的影响”日本作物科学学会通报 65（第 1 部分）（1996 年）。

Saitoh, K.et al.: "Effects of dark respiration on dry matter production -Varietal comparisons between Nipponbare and Takanari-" Proc.Chugoku Branch Jpn.Soc.Crop Sci.37. 52-53 (1996)

Saitoh, K.等人：“暗呼吸对干物质生产的影响 - 日本晴和 Takanari 之间的品种比较 -”Proc.Chugoku Branch Jpn.Soc.Crop Sci.37。

齊藤邦行・村木智裕・黒田俊郎: "水稲品種の乾物生産に及ぼす暗呼吸の影響 -日本晴とタカナリの比較-" 日本作物学会中国支部研究集録. 37. 52-53 (1996)

Kuniyuki Saito、Tomohiro Muraki 和 Toshiro Kuroda：“暗呼吸对水稻品种干物质生产的影响 - 日本晴和 Takanari 的比较”日本作物学会中国分会杂志 37. 52-53（1996 年）。 ）