Transgenic Plants with Over-expressed Cysteine Synthase for Environmental Resistance of Sulfur

具有过表达半胱氨酸合酶的转基因植物以抵抗硫环境

• 批准号: 06557126
• 负责人: SAITO Kazuki
• 金额: $ 2.37万
• 依托单位: CHIBA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06557126/
• 关键词: Genetic engineering; Environment; Moleculart cloning; Sulfur resistance; Amino acids; Sulfur metabolism; システイン生合成; 大気汚染; 環境科学; トランスジェニック植物

Cysteine biosynthesis is the major assimilation mechanism of sulfur in plants. Cysteine synthase (CSase) [O-acetylserine (thiol) -lyase] responsible for the terminal step of cysteine biosynthesis catalyzes the formation of L-cysteine from O-acetyl-L-serine (OAS) and hydrogen sulfide. OAS is supplied by serine acetyltransferase (SATase) from acetyl-CoA and serine. There are at least three isoforms of CSases in the plant cells, which are localized in cytoplasm, chloroplasts and mitochondria, respectively. The subcellular localization of these isoforms was confirmed by in vivo experiments using transgenic plants expressing the transit peptide-gus fusion genes. Transgenic tobacco plants, integrated with the constructs for 35S-CSaseA cDNA,35S-pearbcS transit peptide-CSaseA cDNA and 35S-antisense CSaseA cDNA,were obtained and analyzed for modulation of cysteine biosynthesis in responese to various sulfur stress. The results indicated that over-accumulated foreign cysteine synthase in chloroplasts could enhance biosynthetic flow of cysteine.

半胱氨酸生物合成是植物中硫的主要同化机制。半胱氨酸合成酶 (CSase) [O-乙酰丝氨酸（硫醇）-裂解酶] 负责半胱氨酸生物合成的最终步骤，催化 O-乙酰基-L-丝氨酸 (OAS) 和硫化氢形成 L-半胱氨酸。 OAS 由丝氨酸乙酰转移酶 (SATase) 从乙酰辅酶 A 和丝氨酸提供。植物细胞中至少存在三种CSase同工型，分别位于细胞质、叶绿体和线粒体中。这些异构体的亚细胞定位通过使用表达转运肽-gus融合基因的转基因植物的体内实验得到证实。获得与35S-CSaseA cDNA、35S-pearbcS转运肽-CSaseA cDNA和35S-反义CSaseA cDNA构建体整合的转基因烟草植物，并分析其响应各种硫胁迫的半胱氨酸生物合成的调节。结果表明，叶绿体中过度积累的外源半胱氨酸合酶可以增强半胱氨酸的生物合成流程。

项目成果

Saito K,Yokoyama H,Noji M,Murakoshi I: "Molecular cloning and characterization of a plant serine acetyltransferase playing a regulatory roles in cysteine biosynthesis from watermelon." J.Biol. Chem.270. 16321-16326 (1995)

Saito K、Yokoyama H、Noji M、Murakoshi I：“在西瓜半胱氨酸生物合成中发挥调节作用的植物丝氨酸乙酰转移酶的分子克隆和表征。”

K.Saito他: "Molecular cloning and characterization of a plant serine acetyltransferase playing a regulatory roles in cysteine biosynthesis from watermelon." J. Biol. Chem.270. 10321-16326 (1995)

K. Saito 等人：“在西瓜半胱氨酸生物合成中发挥调节作用的植物丝氨酸乙酰转移酶的分子克隆和表征”，J. Biol. 10321-16326。

Saito K,Kurosawa M,Tatsuguchi K,Takag Y,Murakoshi I: "Modulation of cysteine biosynthesis in chloroplasts of transgenic tobacco overexpressing cysteine synthase [O-acetylserine (thiol) -lyase]" Plant Physiol.106. 887-895 (1994)

Saito K、Kurosawa M、Tatsuguchi K、Takag Y、Murakoshi I：“过表达半胱氨酸合酶 [O-乙酰丝氨酸（硫醇）-裂解酶] 的转基因烟草叶绿体中半胱氨酸生物合成的调节”Plant Physiol.106。

K.Saifo et al.: "Modulation of cysteine hiosynthesis in chloroplasts of transgenic" plant physiology. 106. 887-895 (1994)

K.Saifo 等人：“转基因叶绿体中半胱氨酸生物合成的调节”植物生理学。

M.Noji 他: "Molecular cloning of a cystein synthase cDNA from Citrullus vulgaris (watermelon) by genetic complementation in an Escherichia coli Cys-auxotroph." Mol.Gen.Genet.244. 57-66 (1994)

M.Noji 等人：“通过在大肠杆菌 Cys-营养缺陷型中进行遗传互补，对西瓜中的半胱氨酸合酶 cDNA 进行分子克隆”（Mol.Gen.Genet.244）。