Typological investigation of the universal principles determining syntactic rules

确定句法规则的普遍原则的类型学研究

基本信息

批准号：
17520256
负责人：
MACHIDA Ken
金额：
$ 1.18万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17520256/
关键词：
typology sentence meaning sentence structure syntactic rules event structure syntactic theory universal principles text structure 普遍原理数理言語学

项目摘要

This research has elucidated some tendencies concerning the morpheme arrangement rules each morphological type o fl language shows and the preference of each type for the rules providing the minimal number of possible events each stage of the morpheme strings the process of understanding by the hearer has provisionally reached, that is the rules to provide the maximal efficiency in understanding the meaning of the sentences the hearers are toying to understand. Thus the problem the sernantico-syntactic studies should solve in the coming stage of their theoretical research is to examine how plausible or relevant is the principle of maximal efficiency the result of this academic project proclaims. And a further theoretical verification is needed of the plausibility of this hypothetical principle from the viewpoint of the universal property ofhuman language functioning as the conveyer of events from speakers to hearers.The principle of efficiency in the understanding process of sentences has in fact something to do with the principle of "economy" that A. Matinet, the famous propagator of linguistic structuralism, put forwaid nearly half acentauy ago. However, while Martinet's principle of economy concerns itself mainly with the phonological and the morphological aspect of language, our princiole of efficiency focuses upon the syntactic aspect of language making use of the typological data of various languages in the world and paying appropriate attention on the communicative process of human language. On top of this, our research has succeeded in determining the efficiency of understanding on a proper mathematical basis, thus introducing a method of quantitative semantic analysis into linguistics. As a logical result of this attitude of study, our research enables linguists to expect to pursue their investigation of the universal aspect of language on a firmly theoretical and rational background.

这项研究阐明了每种语言形态类型所表现出的语素排列规则的一些趋势，以及每种类型对规则的偏好，提供了听者理解过程暂时达到的语素串的每个阶段可能发生的事件的最小数量。，即提供最大效率地理解听者想要理解的句子含义的规则。因此，语义句法研究在下一阶段的理论研究中应该解决的问题是检验本学术项目所宣称的最大效率原则的合理性或相关性。从人类语言作为事件从说话者到听者的传递者的普遍属性的角度来看，这一假设原则的合理性还需要进一步的理论验证。句子理解过程中的效率原则实际上与此有关。语言结构主义的著名传播者 A. Matinet 在近半个世纪前就提出了“经济”原则。然而，马丁内特的经济原则主要关注语言的语音和形态方面，而我们的效率原则则侧重于语言的句法方面，利用世界上各种语言的类型学数据，并适当关注交际性。人类语言的过程。除此之外，我们的研究成功地在适当的数学基础上确定了理解的效率，从而将定量语义分析的方法引入了语言学。作为这种研究态度的逻辑结果，我们的研究使语言学家能够期望在坚实的理论和理性背景下对语言的普遍性进行调查。