Effects of typhoon damage on the carbon dynamics of a larch forest

台风灾害对落叶松林碳动态的影响

• 批准号: 17310017
• 负责人: HIRANO Takashi
• 金额: $ 10.38万
• 依托单位: Hokkaido University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2005 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17310017/
• 关键词: Larch Forest; Typhoon storm; Natural disturbances; Carbon balance; Carbon pool; Vegetation recovery; CO_2 flux; Eddy covariance technique; 風倒害; 自動開閉チャンバー; CO_2収支; 炭素動熊; フラックス観測; 炭素動態; 炭素蓄積量; Larch Forest; Typhoon storm; Natural disturbances; Carbon balance; Carbon pool; Vegetation recovery; CO_2 flux; Eddy covariance technique; 風倒害; 自動開閉チャンバー; CO_2収支; 炭素動熊; フラックス観測; 炭素動態; 炭素蓄積量

A plantation (42°44'N, 141°31'E) of Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi Sarg.) in Tomakomai, Hokkaido, Japan was destroyed by Typhoon Songda in September 2004. About 90% trees were blown down by strong wind. In this study, we compared vegetation properties, biomass and net ecosystem CO_2 uptake (NEP) before and after the typhoon damage. Before the typhoon damage, this forest was a 45-year-old plantation of Japanese larch with some broad-leaved trees. The canopy height was 15 m and the maximum leaf area index (LAI) was 5.6m^2 m^<-2>. After the typhoon, all stems of larch trees were removed from the forest floor for commercial use, whereas stumps and branches were left. NEP was continuously measured using the eddy covariance technique and a multichannel automated chamber system for the growing season of 5 months from June through November in 2006 and 2007. Ecosystem respiration (RE) in the daytime was estimated from soil temperature at 0.01m depth using an empirical model derived from nighttime NEE. Gross primary production (GPP) was calculated as the difference between RE and NEE (GPP=RE-NEE). Cumulative values of RE, GPP and NEP for the 5 months were 1125, 1370 and 245 gC m^<-2>, respectively, on average between 2001 and 2003, whereas they were 711, 607 and -104gC m^<-2>, respectively, in 2006, and 664, 622 and -42 gC m^<-2>, respectively, in 2007. This clear change of NEP indicates that the forest ecosystem changed from carbon sink to source by the typhoon damage, and the strength of carbon source was gradually decreasing because of vegetation recovery.

在2004年9月，日本北海道的托马卡莫（Tomakomai）的日本落叶松（Larix Kaempferi sarg。）的种植园（42°44'n，141°31'e）在2004年9月被泰顿·桑达（Typhoon Songda）摧毁。大约90％的树木被强风吹倒。在这项研究中，我们比较了台风损害之前和之后的植被特性，生物量和净生态系统CO_2摄取（NEP）。在台风破坏之前，这座森林是一种45年历史的日本落叶松植物，有一些阔叶树。冠层高度为15 m，最大叶面积指数（LAI）为56m^2 m^<-2>。台风之后，将落叶树的所有步骤从森林地面上移开以供商业用途，而树桩和树枝则留下来。使用涡流协方差技术和多通道自动化腔室系统的生长季节从2006年6月到2006年和2007年。使用从夜间NEE获得的经验模型从0.01m的深度估算了NEP。总生产（GPP）计算为RE和NEE（GPP = RE-NEE）之间的差异。 Cumulative values ​​of RE, GPP and NEP for the 5 months were 1125, 1370 and 245 gC m^<-2>, respectively, on average between 2001 and 2003, whereas they were 711, 607 and -104gC m^<-2>, respectively, in 2006, and 664, 622 and -42gC m^<-2>, respectively, in 2007. This clear change of NEP indicates that the forest生态系统通过台风损害从碳汇变为源，并且由于植被恢复，碳源的强度逐渐降低。