Development of new type videosonde system for the study of torrential rain

新型暴雨研究可视探空系统的研制

• 批准号: 05558051
• 负责人: TAKAHASHI Tsutomu
• 金额: $ 4.48万
• 依托单位: KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05558051/
• 关键词: Cloud Particle Videosonde; Precipitation Mechanism; MCTEX Project; 雲粒子ビデオゾンデ; Hector; 雷活動; MCTEX国際プロジェクト; 雲粒子; 降水粒子ビデオゾンデ; 雷; ビデオゾンデ; 降水機構; 氷晶; 集中豪雨

Whole knowledge of precipitation particle distribution in cloud in the prerequisite to increase our understanding of precipitation mechanisms of torrential rain producing clouds. Two types of videosonde systems were developed. One type aims to measure precipitation particles larger than 500mum in diameter. When precipitation particle interrupts the infra-red light running across the sight of camera, flash is triggered. The images are pictured by videocamera and sent to the ground by 1680 MHz. This videosonde system is also able to monitor both electric charge of precipitation particles, and temperature, humidity and pressure.The other type of videosonde, cloud particle videosonde measures cloud droplets. The unique feature of this system is to take a picture of cloud particles on the film as it runs. Flash is used to make stational images of cloud droplets. Both videosonde systems were launched during the MCTEX project which was conducted at Melville Is., Australia. This was the first to elucidate the precipitation particles in the Hector clouds. Videosonde observation showed many frozen particles as large as 7 mm in diameter and abundant ice crystals, sometimes reaching to ten per cm^3. Analysis shows the very active ice phase process which may explain the most frequent lightning frequencies.

对云中降水粒子分布的全面了解是增加我们对暴雨产生云降水机制的认识的先决条件。开发了两种类型的视频探空仪系统。一种类型旨在测量直径大于 500μm 的降水颗粒。当降水颗粒中断穿过相机视线的红外光时，就会触发闪光灯。图像由摄像机拍摄并以 1680 MHz 发送到地面。该视频探空仪系统还能够监测降水粒子的电荷以及温度、湿度和压力。另一种类型的视频探空仪，云粒子视频探空仪测量云滴。该系统的独特功能是在胶片运行时拍摄胶片上云粒子的照片。 Flash 用于制作云滴的静止图像。这两个视频探空仪系统都是在澳大利亚梅尔维尔岛进行的 MCTEX 项目期间启动的。这是第一次阐明赫克托云中的降水粒子。视频探空仪观察发现，有许多直径达7毫米的冻结颗粒，冰晶丰富，有时每cm^3可达10个。分析显示了非常活跃的冰相过程，这可以解释最频繁的闪电频率。

项目成果

高橋劭 他: "Possible High Ice Production during Graupel-Graupel Collisions" Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 24. 4523-4527 (1995)

Takahashi 等人：“Graupel-Graupel 碰撞期间可能产生大量冰”，《大气科学杂志》24. 4523-4527 (1995)。

鈴木賢士他: "雲粒子ビデオゾンデの試作" 日本気象学会1995年度秋季大会講演予稿集. 266 (1995)

Kenji Suzuki 等人：“云粒子视频探空仪原型”日本气象学会 1995 年秋季会议记录 266 (1995)。

高橋劭 他: "Videosonde Observation of Precipitation Processes in Equatorial Cloud Cluster" Journal of the Metarological Society of Japan (気象集誌). 73. 509-534 (1995)

Tsuyoshi Takahashi 等：“赤道云团降水过程的视频探空仪观测”日本气象学会杂志 73. 509-534 (1995)。

Takahashi, T., et.al.: "Precipitation Mechanisms of Cloud Systems developed in Semi-arid Area of Pingliang, China-Videosonde Observation" Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. 73. 1191-1211 (1995)

Takahashi, T., et.al.：“中国平凉半干旱地区云系统的降水机制-视频探空仪观测”日本气象学会会刊。

高橋劭 他: "Precipitation Mechanisms of Cloud Systems developed in Semi-arid Area of Pingliang,China-Videosonde Observation" Journal of the Metarological Society of Japan (気象集誌). 73. 1191-1211 (1995)

Tsuyoshi Takahashi等：“中国平凉半干旱地区云系统的降水机制-视频探空仪观测”日本气象学会学报73. 1191-1211（1995）。