Empirical Study of the Process about Recognition and Decision Making of Lay Judges and Professional Judges in Criminal Trial

刑事审判中非专业法官与职业法官认知与决策过程的实证研究

基本信息

批准号：
16330015
负责人：
FUJITA Masahiro
金额：
$ 6.37万
依托单位：
National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (2005-2007)Nanzan University (2004)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16330015/
关键词：
Saibanin Jury Mixed Court Cognitive Psychology Social Psychology 刑事訴訟法刑事裁判法心理学

项目摘要

Purpose of this project is to study Saibanin System empirically so that research for Japanese citizen and experiment based on this data was held. At first, the research for Japanese citizen was to clarify what was the general hardship for Japanese citizen about lay participation in Japanese criminal trial. According to the result, the most important hardship was the anxiety for professional legal aspect. Especially, most citizens felt that they did not have much knowledge about judicial process or law, and this feeling was one of the most influential factors for the hardship. Following this result, this project held the experiment to study how was instruction, opening statement and note taking supportive for lay person and how was influenced the different volume of information between lay people and judges to the deliberation and function of new mixed court. Now, data is on consideration. The research about movement of several new tests about jury trial in United States was also tried in parallel with this experiment. The article about American jury trial was published. Instruction or note taking was not always significantly helpful for lay persons to understand the case, but the useful value has been gradually analyzed. Furthermore, the comparison between legal knowledge and psychological knowledge or influence of authoritarianism toward the attitude of participation as lay judge was studied in the research for Japanese citizen. Authoritarianism was not always useful for the positiveness of lay participation and psychological knowledge was not also always more helpful than legal knowledge.

该项目的目的是从经验上研究赛巴因系统系统，以便对日本公民进行研究，并基于这些数据进行实验。最初，对日本公民的研究是要澄清日本公民在日本刑事审判方面的一般困难。根据结果，最重要的困难是对专业法律方面的焦虑。尤其是，大多数公民认为他们对司法程序或法律没有太多了解，而这种感觉是遇到困难的最有影响力的因素之一。在此结果之后，该项目进行了实验，以研究如何支持外行人的指导，开头声明和注释，以及如何影响外行人与法官之间的不同信息，以实现新混合法院的审议和职能。现在，数据正在考虑。关于美国陪审团审判的几项新测试的研究也与该实验并行尝试。有关美国陪审团审判的文章已发表。指令或记录的采集对外行人了解案件并不总是很有帮助，但是对有用的价值逐渐分析。此外，在日本公民的研究中研究了法律知识与心理知识与参与态度的影响之间的比较。威权主义对外行参与的积极性并不总是有用的，心理知识并不总是比法律知识更有帮助。