Elucidation of changes in long-term environments and biological systems in the northeast Asia by the use of lake sediments in the Lake Baikal basin

利用贝加尔湖盆地的湖泊沉积物阐明东北亚长期环境和生物系统的变化

• 批准号: 16310012
• 负责人: INOUE Genki
• 金额: $ 9.73万
• 依托单位: Otsuma Women's University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16310012/
• 关键词: Lake Baikal basin; Lone-term environmental change; Sediment core; Biomarker; Fossol pollen; 環境変動; 湖底堆積物コア; 光合成色素続成生成物; バイカル集水域

We studied changes in long-term paleoenvironment for 1.03 million years and biological systems in the northeast Asia by the use of biomarkers including plant pigments, and fossil pollens in sediment cores from Lake Hovsgol in the Lake Baikal basin. Direct pyrolysis and methylation of sediment samples combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PyMeGCMS) were, in addition, carried out to develop rapid analysis of biomarkers in the sediment cores.Gravity cores (X106, HV05ST2, HV05ST3) have detailed information on changes in paleoenvironment and biological systems during the last glacial period to the present. AMS dating (conventional age) of the cores showed sediment ages were less than 24,000 years. Biological production in the glacial period based on total organic carbon (TOC) contents was very low, increased to Bolling-Allerod (ca. 12,000 yBP), decreased to Younger Dryas event (ca. 11,000 yBP) and then increased again to the post glacial period. Scarce herbaceous plant vegetat … More ion such as Altemisia spp. on the land and small amount of plankton were distributed under perennial ice cover in the glacial period. Woody plant vegetation increased in the warm post glacial period, along with increase of lake plankton.Sedimentation ages of HDP04 sediment core (80.0 m) were determined 1.03 million years by paleomagnetism (Brunhes-Matuyama, Jaramillo Chron). Pattern of TOC contents of the core was well not correlated with that of marine isotope stages, reflects largely local climatic changes in the drainage basin rather than global climatic changes. Biological production in Lake Hovsgol was relatively low for the last 1.03 million years except for Holocene, and was somewhat lower than that of Lake Baikal. Contribution of allocthonous organic matter in Lake Hovsgol was much higher than that of Lake Baikal, reflecting probably small drainage basin of Lake Hovsgol. The presence of bacteriochlorophyls specific to brown-Chlorobium in the depths between 19-21 m of the core suggests strongly that lake bottom was anoxic due to the stagnant of the lake water.A series of fatty acids and phenolcarboxylic acid were detected in HV05ST2 sediment core by PyMeGCMS. The pattern of these compounds were similar to that of those compounds found in ethyl acetate extracts of the core, revealed that PyMeGCMS was useful for the rapid determination of biomarkers in the sediment core. Less

我们通过使用包括植物色素在内的生物标志物（包括植物颜料）的生物标志物和来自贝加尔湖盆地的Hovsgol湖中的沉积物核心中的生物标志物，研究了东北亚的长期古环境的变化，并研究了东北亚的生物系统。此外，还进行了与气相色谱 - 质量质谱法（PyMEGCM）结合的沉积物样品的直接热解和甲基化，以对沉积物芯中的生物标志物进行快速分析。Gravity核心（X106，HV05ST2，HV05ST3）在现有的Glololodic和Giolololics Systems中具有详细的信息。核心的AMS约会（常规年龄）显示，沉积物年龄不到24,000年。基于总有机碳（TOC）含量的冰川时期生物产生非常低，增加了Bolling-Allerod（约12,000 YBP），减少到年轻的Dryas事件（约11,000 YBP），然后再次增加到冰川后。稀缺的草本植物植物……更多的离子，例如阿尔米西亚属。在冰川时期，在土地上和少量浮游生物分布在多年生冰盖下。木质植物植被在温暖的冰川后期增加，以及浮游湖的增加。通过古磁性（Brunhes-Matuyama，Jaramillo Chron）确定了HDP04沉积物核心（80.0 m）的测定年龄（80.0 m）。核心的TOC内容的模式与海洋同位素阶段的模式无关，这反映了排水盆地的局部气候变化，而不是全球气候变化。除全新世以外，在过去的103万年中，霍夫斯戈尔湖的生物生产相对较低，并且略低于贝加尔湖。霍夫斯戈尔湖（Lake Hovsgol）的有机物的贡献远高于贝加尔湖（Lake Baikal），这反映了霍夫斯戈尔湖（Lake Hovsgol）的流域可能很小。在核心核心19-21 m之间，在深度之间特有的细菌叶绿素的存在强烈表明，由于湖水的停滞，湖泊底部是缺氧的。在pymegcms中检测到HV05ST2222222222的脂肪酸和苯酚酸系列。这些化合物的模式与核心乙酸乙酯提取物中发现的化合物的模式相似，表明pymegcms可用于快速测定沉积物芯中的生物标志物。较少的