Modeling study of the effects of modified land-use in coastal area on regional-scale atmospheric environment

沿海地区土地利用改变对区域尺度大气环境影响的模拟研究

基本信息

批准号：
03650449
负责人：
KITADA Toshihiro
金额：
$ 1.02万
依托单位：
Toyohashi University of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Atmospheric environment in regional-scale is largely dominated by synoptic-scale meteorology, natural topography, and land-use type. Among others the land-use type is often changed by human being. The change can modify the environmental variables of temperature and humidity not only in local- but also in regional-scale, causing sometimes so called "urban heat island". The change of temperature induced by local urbanization may be transferred to other areas by the flow regime characteristic of the region. Thus the regional planning for the spatial distribution of land-use type to create better climatological environment has to take into account such a regional-scale flow characteristics. In view of the above-mentioned, to study the method of the regional planning for better thermal environment, we have first (1) investigated the effects of the extended urban area in Nohbi plain, central Japan, on the regional-scale temperature field by using historical data (1975-1985), secondly (2) dev … More eloped a simple 3-D heat transport model for estimation of the temperature disturbance caused by the change of land-use type, and evaluated the model performance, and thirdly (3) made sensitivity studies on the possible effects on the temperature field in regional scale of forested area and environmental-water-surface area increased in urban section, by using the developed model. Obtained results are as follows: (1) sea breeze plays important role in heat transport, causing the inlandward shift of the daily high temperature zone from highly urbanized coastal area; the phenomena can be explained by heating of the sea breeze layerover newly urbanized region; the developed model clarified numerically this explanation, and (2) the increase of the forested area and the water surface area in theurban eased daily maximum temperature by about - 2ﾟ C; inland sites showed larger decrease in temperature than coastal sites, demonstrating, for better climate in inland, the necessity of the vegetated and open water surface in upstream region under sea breeze. Less

区域尺度的大气环境主要由天气尺度的气象、自然地形和土地利用类型决定，其中土地利用类型的变化往往会改变温度和湿度等环境变量。不仅在局部范围内，而且在区域范围内，有时会造成所谓的“城市热岛”。局部城市化引起的温度变化可能会通过该地区的流态特征转移到其他地区。土地利用类型空间分布创造更好气候环境必须考虑到这种区域尺度的流动特征。鉴于上述情况，为了研究改善热环境的区域规划方法，我们首先（1）研究了城市扩展区域的影响。在日本中部的Nohbi平原，利用历史数据（1975-1985）研究区域尺度的温度场，其次（2）dev … More私奔了一个简单的3D热传输模型，用于估计变化引起的温度扰动第三，利用开发的模型，对森林面积和城市断面环境水面面积增加的区域尺度对温度场可能产生的影响进行敏感性研究。模型得出的结论如下：（1）海风在热量输送中发挥重要作用，导致日高温区从城市化沿海地区向内陆转移；区域；明确了开发模型从数字上看，这一解释是这样的，(2) 城市森林面积和水面面积的增加使每日最高气温降低了约 - 2°C，内陆地区的温度下降幅度大于沿海地区，这表明，城市的气候变得更好；内陆地区，上游地区海风作用下的植被和开阔水面的必要性较小。