Research of carbon dynamics in the tree-litter-soil systems

树木-凋落物-土壤系统碳动力学研究

• 批准号: 15380107
• 负责人: KANAZAWA Yoichi
• 金额: $ 9.02万
• 依托单位: Kobe University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15380107/
• 关键词: dead branches; CN ratio; root respiration; soil respiration; DOC; water-soluble humic substances; 枯死材呼吸量; リター; DOC; 腐植; モジュール単位; 有機物分解過程; 二酸化炭素; WEOC

In a 450-year-old Douglas fir stand, attached dead branch mass was estimated at 2.60 to 5.56 t and occupied ca 1/4 of total live branchwood mass. Live branchwood died attached at a rate of 0.24% yr^<-1>. Due to branchfall and fragmentation 0.37% yr^<-1> and 4.34% yr^<-1> of live- and dead- branch mass were lost respectively. Dead wood mass of 30.88t ha-1 yr-1 was supplied from the canopy to the ground.Live branch size distribution of Japanese broadleaved trees followed power functions with a gradient of ca 2.5, and the size of fallen branches showed the same pattern as well. The ratio of fallen to attached branches was 3 to 10% in number. In a Japanese secondary broadleaved forest under warm temperate climate, aboveground dead woody mass was estimated at 9.3tC ha^<-1>, accounting for 21% of total aboveground mass. A model parameterized by temperature, water content and decay characteristics of dead wood estimated annual respiration of dead woody parts at 0.5tC ha^<-1>. Smaller size root less than 2mm diameter occupying 15% of total root mass contributed more than 60% of total root respiration.The ratio of root to total soil respiration showed large seasonal fluctuation between 18.7% and 59.8%, although its annual mean was 47%. Annual soil respiration was 9 tC in this forest.In the same forest, water-soluble organic matter in soil was retained largely in A horizon. Carbohydrate moiety in the water-soluble humic substances decreased from litter to B horizon. Chemical and structural properties of the water-soluble humic substances changed with soil depth probably due to microbial degradation in litter and to adsorption to mineral soil in mineral horizon. Humic acids accumulated in soil accounted for 15-16% of total soil organic matter and were 7-24 times higher than water-soluble organic matter.

在 450 年树龄的花旗松林中，附着的死枝质量估计为 2.60 至 5.56 吨，约占活枝木总质量的 1/4。活的枝木死亡附着率为0.24％yr^<-1>。由于枝条掉落和破碎，活枝和死枝质量分别损失了0.37% yr^<-1> 和4.34% yr^<-1>。树冠向地面供应了 30.88t ha-1 yr-1 的死木量。日本阔叶树的活枝尺寸分布遵循幂函数，梯度约为 2.5，掉落枝的尺寸与出色地。倒下附着枝的比例为3%～10%。在暖温带气候下的日本次生阔叶林中，地上死木质量估计为9.3tC ha^-1 ，占地上总质量的21％。由温度、含水量和死木腐烂特征参数化的模型估计死木部分在0.5tC ha^-1 下的年呼吸量。直径小于2mm的较小根系占根系总质量的15%，贡献了根系总呼吸量的60%以上。根系呼吸量占土壤总呼吸量的比例虽然年均值为47%，但季节性波动较大，在18.7%至59.8%之间。该森林年土壤呼吸量为9 tC。在同一森林中，土壤中的水溶性有机质大部分保留在A层中。水溶性腐殖质中的碳水化合物部分从枯萎层到B层减少。水溶性腐殖质的化学和结构性质随土壤深度而变化，可能是由于枯落物中的微生物降解和矿质层中矿质土壤的吸附所致。土壤中积累的腐植酸占土壤有机质总量的15-16%，是水溶性有机质的7-24倍。

项目成果

自動開閉式チャンバーを用いて測定された枯死木分解呼吸量の長期変動.

使用自开室测量死木分解呼吸的长期波动。

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: 日本森林学会誌 87
• 作者: Mayuko;Jomura;上村真由子
• 通讯作者: 上村真由子

京都府南部の広葉樹二次林における根現存量および根表面積

京都府南部次生阔叶林的根丰度和根表面积

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: 日本森林学会誌 88・2
• 作者: A Suzuki;S.Josselyn;P Frankland;S Masushige;A Silva;S Kida;檀浦正子
• 通讯作者: 檀浦正子

Changes in elemental composition, molecular weight and H NMR spectra of the water-extractable hydrophobic acids fraction in Cambiosols with season and soil depth

Cambiosols中水可提取的疏水酸部分的元素组成、分子量和核磁共振氢谱随季节和土壤深度的变化

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 52
• 作者: Daichi;Asakawa
• 通讯作者: Asakawa

Spatial variation in the decomposition rate of block specimens of Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.)

日本红松块状标本分解率的空间变化（Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.）

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Applied Forest Science 14
• 作者: Mayuko;Jomura
• 通讯作者: Jomura

Properties of Humic Acid Like Substances (HALS) created from sugar and amino acid with volcanic ash by thermal incubation.

由糖和氨基酸与火山灰通过热培育产生的腐植酸类物质 (HALS) 的特性。

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Memoirs of the Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University 24-A
• 作者: Zakria;M.J.;Njoloma;T.;Ogawa;S.;Akao;清水 友・佐伯 雄一・Joyce Njoloma・Constancio A. Asis・安達 克樹・中西 康博・赤尾 勝一郎;西口 友広・清水 友・Joyce Nloloma・大田 守也・佐伯 雄一・赤尾 勝一郎;Daichi Asakawa;Daichi Asakawa;Daichi Asakawa;Makiko Watanabe;Daichi Asakawa;Khan Nazmul Ahsan;Khan Nazmul Ahsan
• 通讯作者: Khan Nazmul Ahsan