Comparison of Urban Restructuring between Korea and Japan

韩日城市改造比较

• 批准号: 03044109
• 负责人: HAGISHIMA Satoshi
• 金额: $ 3.2万
• 依托单位: KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03044109/
• 关键词: Comparative Analysis; Provincial Industrial Cities in Japan and Korea; Population Density Distribution; Urban Adjustment; Road Network; Green Belt; Compulsory Education Facilities; Outdoor Space; 工業団地開発; 都市構造の転換; スプロ-ル市街地; 高密度市街地; 都市の活性化

Provincial cities surveyed in this comparative study are Kitakyushu, Oita, and Yatsushiro in Japan and Chunchon, Ursan, and Mokpo in Korea. Data from other cities are also added in some cases to provide more information. The results are as follows :1. In Japan, low density areas are spreading along the transportation network in the outskirts of cities. In Korean cities, central high density areas are growing. This contrast are mainly caused by the difference in land use control systems in the two countries. In Japan, urbanization control areas have been established to control the spread of low density areas. In Korea, green belts, and green districts within these green belts, have been designated in the outskirts of cities and an undesirable urban sprawl has thus been controlled.2. Concerning the relation between urbanization and infrastructure, a sufficient land supply through development of housing areas, land readjustment etc. are the main policy in Japanese city planning. As an example,in Oita City infrastructures for both industry and housing were implemented at the same time.As a contrast, in Korean cities the development of infrastructure are not sufficient concerning the rate of urbanization.3. Facilities for compulsory education are generally constructed following a rapid increase in population in both countries. In these schools, problems as many children in each class and unsufficient temporary buildings occure.4. In housing areas in Korean cities, road space are used for such private purposes as storing, shops and play grounds. With an increase in the use of cars, such activities will have to end and various environmental problems will occur.

本次比较研究调查的省级城市是日本的北九州、大分和八代，以及韩国的春川、熊山和木浦。在某些情况下，还会添加其他城市的数据以提供更多信息。结果如下： 1．在日本，低密度区域正在沿着城市郊区的交通网络蔓延。在韩国城市，中心高密度区域正在增长。这种反差主要是由于两国土地利用管制制度的差异造成的。日本设立了城市化控制区，控制低密度地区的蔓延。在韩国，绿化带以及这些绿化带内的绿化区被划定在城市的郊区，从而控制了不良的城市扩张。2．就城市化与基础设施的关系而言，通过住宅区开发、土地调整等方式保证充足的土地供应是日本城市规划的主要政策。以大分市为例，工业和住房基础设施是同时建设的。相比之下，韩国城市的基础设施建设相对城市化率还不够。 3．两国义务教育设施普遍都是随着人口的快速增长而建设的。这些学校存在班级学生多、临时校舍不足等问题。 4．在韩国城市的住宅区，道路空间被用于储藏、商店和游乐场等私人用途。随着汽车使用量的增加，此类活动将不得不停止，各种环境问题将会出现。