Intelligent sensor techniques for fluctuating-temperature measurement (Self-diagnosis and adaptive compensation of sensor response)

用于波动温度测量的智能传感器技术（传感器响应的自诊断和自适应补偿）

基本信息

批准号：
14550179
负责人：
TAGAWA Masato
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
Nagoya Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The research results are summarized as follows:(1) The purpose of this study is to improve the accuracy of general-purpose temperature sensors (commercially available thermistors) in fluctuating temperature measurement and to extend their applicability. First, heat transfer models reflecting the internal structures of plate-type and spherical thermistors were proposed to obtain theoretical frequency response to temperature fluctuations. Secondly, parameters dominating the response characteristics of the thermistor were extracted, and it was shown that the thermistor response can be approximated by a first-order system. Finally, a flexible response compensation technique for the thermistor was constructed, the development of which has been very difficult because the thermal time constant varies greatly depending on the flow velocity and physical properties of the fluid surrounding the thermistor. The technique utilized a two-thermocouple probe method --rational identification of thermal … More time constants and digital compensation for response delay-proposed by Tagawa et al. [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 69, 3370(1998)], and greatly improved the accuracy of fluctuating temperature measurement by the thermistor. Although the level of the improvement depends on the fluid type measured and the signal-to-noise ratio of temperature signals, the present response compensation technique worked successfully. As a result, the compensated thermistor became five to fifty times as fast as the uncompensated (original) one.(2) A novel technique for estimating in situ thermal time-constant values of temperature sensors in the frequency domain and for compensating the sensor outputs for the response delays is proposed. The scheme developed is complementary to the time-domain response-compensation ones previously reported by Tagawa et al. [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 69, 3370(1998)]. The scheme provides fast, simple and flexible data professing based on the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm, and is potentially applicabale to the response compensation of various physical and chemical sensors.(3) Theoretical analysis of frequency response of fine-wire temperature sensors, e.g. fine-wire thermocouple and cold-wire, was performed, and the strict solution of the response was derived by treating rigorously the boundary condition of heat transport between the temperature sensing part and its adjoining support. The solution obtained is highly universal and can represent frequency response of temperature sensors such as a thermocouple and a cold-wire--these are very different in configuration and response characteristics--with a single equation. The validity of the theoretical solution was examined experimentally, and a widely applicable response compensation technique for fine-wire temperature sensors was developed based on the theoretical results. For example, identification of the complex response characteristics of cold-wire sensors and their response compensation, which have been considered to be quite a challenge, have became possible. In this procedure, any special apparatus for calibrating the dynamic response is unnecessary. The present response compensation technique can make 3.1μm tungsten cold-wire measurement well comparable to 0.63 μm platinum cold-wire, which is regarded as one of the fasted temperature sensors commercially available. Less

研究结果总结如下：（1）本研究的目的是提高通用温度传感器（市售热敏电阻）在波动温度测量中的准确性并扩展其适用性。首先，提出了反映板型和球形热敏电阻的内部结构的传热模型，以获得对温度波动的理论频率响应。其次，提取了主导恒温器响应特征的参数，并表明可以通过一阶系统近似恒温器响应。最后，构建了恒温器的灵活响应补偿技术，其开发非常困难，因为热时间常数品种非常困难，具体取决于恒温器周围流体的流速和物理特性。该技术利用了两局探针方法 - 对热的时间常数和数字补偿的理性鉴定，对响应延迟延迟了由Tagawa等人提供。 [修订版科学。乐器。 69，3370（1998）]，并大大提高了热敏电阻的温度测量的准确性。尽管改进的水平取决于测量的流体类型和温度信号的信号噪声比率，但目前的响应补偿技术成功地工作了。结果，补偿的热敏电阻的速度是未补偿（原始）的五到五十倍。（2）提出了一种用于估算频域中温度传感器的原位热时间恒定值的新技术，并提出了为响应延迟补偿传感器输出的补偿。开发的方案是Tagawa等人先前报道的时间域响应补偿的完整。 [修订版科学。乐器。 69，3370（1998）]。该方案根据快速傅立叶变换（FFT）算法提供快速，简单和灵活的数据专业化，并可能适用于各种物理和化学传感器的响应补偿。（3）理论分析高线温度传感器的频率响应，例如。进行了细线热电偶和冷线，进行了严格的响应解决方案，通过严格处理温度传感器部分之间的热传输边界条件及其相邻的支撑。获得的解决方案是高度通用的，可以代表温度传感器（例如热电偶和冷线）的频率响应 - 在构型和响应特征上，它们具有单一的等效性。实验检查了理论解决方案的有效性，并根据理论结果开发了高线温度传感器的广泛适用响应补偿技术。例如，鉴定冷线传感器的复杂响应特征及其响应补偿已被认为是一个很大的挑战。在此过程中，没有必要进行校准动态响应的任何特殊设备。目前的响应补偿技术可以使3.1μm的钨冷线测量与0.63μm铂金冷线相当，该测量被认为是禁食的温度传感器之一。较少的