The Proliferation of International Tribunals and Its Impact on the Unity of International Law

国际法庭的激增及其对国际法统一的影响

• 批准号: 14520037
• 负责人: SUGIHARA Takane
• 金额: $ 1.79万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14520037/
• 关键词: international adjudication; proliferation of international tribunals; International Court of Justice; fragmentation of international law; conflict of decisions; judicial hierarchy system; 審級制; 国際裁判の多元化; 国際法の統一性; 国際仲裁裁判; 国際裁判の審級性; 国際司法裁判所の上訴審化 /

One of the most outstanding phenomena in the current international community is the proliferation of international judicial organs, such as the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, the International Criminal Court and others. The reason for the creation of such tribunals lies in the political domain and in practical necessity. All these tribunals, in common with the International Court of Justice (ICJ), exist in isolation, having no kind of hierarchy or system that governs their mutual relations. This fact caused concern that the tribunals might make contradictory decisions, thus entailing increasing dangers of fragmentation of international law. A number of international lawyers emphasize this danger. At the same time, there is an opposing view to this. Some commentators point out that there is plausibility in the proposition that competition between tribunals will if anything strengthen the jurisprudence and will be healthy for legal process. They also suggest that, even if there arises lines of irreconcilable decisions among different tribunals on the same subject of international law, the principle "magna est veritas et praevalebit" will prevail.Although, so far, danger of this kind has not become imminent, a comparison between judicial decisions, for example, in the Nicaragua case of the ICJ and in the Tadic case of the International Criminal Tribunals for the Former Yugislavia (Appeals Chamber) on the same subject matter expels the optimistic point of view referred to above. With the proliferation and increasing activities of various kind of tribunals, the danger for international law may be expected to become serious. If such a tendency really comes with times, a legal device will surely be required to combat this situation. This requirement will be best met by authorizing the ICJ to assume the function of a court of appeal, just as a supreme court in the international community, to ensure the unity of international law.

当前国际社会最突出的现象之一就是国际司法机构的激增，如国际海洋法法庭、国际刑事法院等。设立此类法庭的原因在于政治领域和现实需要。所有这些法庭与国际法院一样，都是孤立存在的，没有任何等级制度或制度来管理它们之间的相互关系。这一事实引起人们的担忧，即法庭可能做出相互矛盾的裁决，从而导致国际法不成体系的危险日益增加。许多国际律师强调了这种危险。与此同时，也有人对此持反对意见。一些评论家指出，仲裁庭之间的竞争将加强判例，并且有利于法律程序，这一主张是有道理的。他们还表示，即使不同法庭之间就同一国际法主题出现不可调和的裁决，“magna est veritas et praevalebit”原则仍将占上风。尽管到目前为止，这种危险尚未迫在眉睫，司法判决之间的比较，例如国际法院尼加拉瓜案和前南斯拉夫问题国际刑事法庭（上诉分庭）塔迪奇案同样的主题推翻了上述乐观观点。随着各类法庭的激增和活动的增加，国际法面临的危险预计将变得严重。如果这种趋势真的出现，肯定需要法律手段来应对。最好的满足这一要求的办法是授权国际法院承担上诉法院的职能，就像国际社会的最高法院一样，以确保国际法的统一。

项目成果

国際裁判制度の多元化と国際法の統一的発展

国际法院体系的多元化与国际法的统一发展

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: 近畿大学法科大学院論集 第2号
• 作者: 田村善之;(柳川範之と共著);田村善之;田村善之;田村善之;田村善之;TAMURA Yoshiyuki;TAMURA Yoshiyuki;TAMURA Yoshiyuki;TAMURA Yoshiyuki;TAMURA Yoshiyuki;YANAGAWA Noriyuki;杉原 高嶺
• 通讯作者: 杉原 高嶺

The Proliferation of International Tribunals and Its Impact on the Unity of International Law

国际法庭的激增及其对国际法统一的影响

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: The law review of Kinki University Law School Vol.2
• 作者: 田村善之;(柳川範之と共著);田村善之;田村善之;田村善之;田村善之;TAMURA Yoshiyuki;TAMURA Yoshiyuki;TAMURA Yoshiyuki;TAMURA Yoshiyuki;TAMURA Yoshiyuki;YANAGAWA Noriyuki;杉原 高嶺;田村 善之;Takane Sugihara
• 通讯作者: Takane Sugihara