A Comparative Sociological Study on Climate Policy

气候政策的比较社会学研究

基本信息

批准号：
14510223
负责人：
IKEDA Kanji
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
Hosei University (2004-2005)Nihon University (2002-2003)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

While a broad scientific consensus has emerged on global warming, international climate policy promoted by the Kyoto Protocol has been made very slow progress for the decade. The fact that the Kyoto Protocol itself has come into effect barely in 2005 give an account of many twists and turns in the international negotiation on it. Since this study had to be finished at the beginning of 2006, its result was inevitably restricted. However, following conclusions may be drawn from this study. :Firstly, it was found that“the principle of subsidiarity"must be introduced to the current international negotiations as the key concept of climate policy explicitly. The principle will be a determinant accelerator of bottom up climate policy formation in this global world.Secondly, it was discovered that the climate policy process itself expanded“climate divide"between the North and the South rapidly. “Climate divide"means the disparity of climate related shocks and vulnerability to them. In developing countries of the South, climate-related shocks are too serious to compare with developed countries of the North. Moreover, developing countries excluded from climate policy design as such“Cap and Trade"and“Clean Development Mechanism".Consequently, peoples and governments of those countries vulnerable to climate-related shocks lack for ability of advocacy of international climate policy. They are termed“Ecological Sabaltern"in this study. The future of climate policy after“Post Kyoto Protocol"depends on the substantial commitment and inclusion of ecological subaltern as ecological vulnerable class of the world.This study is significant in that it empirically and theoretically demonstrates effectiveness of comparative sociological approach to the climate policy process.

虽然关于全球变暖问题已经形成了广泛的科学共识，但《京都议定书》所推动的国际气候政策在这十年来却进展缓慢。《京都议定书》本身在2005年才刚刚生效，这一事实说明了它的诸多曲折和变化。由于这项研究必须在2006年初完成，其结果不可避免地受到限制。但是，从这项研究中可以得出以下结论：首先，发现了“原则”。 “辅助性”必须作为气候政策的关键概念明确引入当前的国际谈判中。该原则将成为全球自下而上的气候政策形成的决定性加速器。其次，人们发现气候政策进程本身扩大了“ “气候鸿沟”是指南方发展中国家与北方发达国家相比，气候相关冲击的严重性和脆弱性的差异。而且，发展中国家被排除在“总量控制与贸易”和“清洁发展机制”等气候政策设计之外。因此，那些容易受到气候相关冲击的国家的人民和政府缺乏倡导国际气候政策的能力。本研究中的“生态底层”是“后京都议定书”后气候政策的未来取决于生态底层作为世界生态脆弱阶层的实质性承诺和包容性。这项研究的意义在于从实证和理论上论证了这一点。比较社会学方法对气候政策过程的有效性。