Globalization and American Literature at the turn of the Century

世纪之交的全球化与美国文学

基本信息

批准号：
13610568
负责人：
YOSHII Chiyo
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
Osaka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13610568/
关键词：
globalization American literature turn of the century Henry James capitalism cosmopolitanism Creole native American 帝国主義 plutocracy 国際化ヘンリー・ジェーイムズ

项目摘要

I explore certain features of a global culture newly emerging at the dawn of the twentieth century through an examination of American major novels as faithful documents of such a new trend. Globalization has become a popular topic among sociologies, economists, and literary critics in the past ten years, but current work on globalization tend to focus on contemporary society and literature. Assuming that the origin of contemporary global culture could be found about one hundred years ago, I apply recent globalization theory to late-nineteenth-and early-twentieth-century Western world and American literature, and show how skillfully major American novelists such as Henry James, who claims himself to be a cosmopolitan, represent distinct features of their new global community. In particular, I argue that in his novels James describes the world forcefully brought together by a new capitalist, consumer culture and also he presents another kind of cosmopolitan culture, that is, a hybrid Creole culture. Moreover, as the focus of critical attention has begun to shift from "globalization" to "empire" after terrorists' attacks to the United States, I became interested in the connection between globalization and imperialism/colonialism, considering that at the turn of the century different nations and cultures were mixed together but such a mixing produced asymmetrical, hierarchical relations among them.

我通过考察美国主要小说作为这种新趋势的忠实文件，探讨了20世纪黎明时代新出现的全球文化的某些特征。在过去的十年中，全球化已成为社会学，经济学家和文学批评家中的流行话题，但是当前关于全球化的工作倾向于关注当代社会和文学。假设大约一百年前可以找到当代全球文化的起源，我将最近的全球化理论应用于十九世纪末和二十世纪初的西方世界和美国文学，并展示了像亨利·詹姆斯（Henry James）这样熟练的美国主要小说家，他们声称自己是国际化的，代表了他们新的全球社区的独特特征。我特别认为，詹姆斯在他的小说中描述了一个新的资本主义，消费者文化强烈汇聚的世界，他也提出了另一种国际化文化，即一种混合克里奥尔文化。此外，由于恐怖分子对美国的袭击后，批判性关注的重点已经开始从“全球化”转变为“帝国”，因此我对全球化与帝国主义/殖民主义之间的联系感兴趣，考虑到本世纪之交，不同的国家和文化被混合在一起，但这种混合产生了不对劲的，层次的关系。