Transmission of Chinese-Western Scientific Books into Early Modern Japan and Its Influence in Wasan

中西科学书籍传入近代日本及其对和山的影响

• 批准号: 12680003
• 负责人: KOBAYASHI Tatsuhiko
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: Maebashi Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12680003/
• 关键词: Western-Chinese Scientific Book; Wasan; Mei Wending; Li suan quan shu; Li xiang kao cheng; Li xiang kao cheng hou bian; Trigonometry; Trigonometric function table; 角術; 坂部広胖; 剣持章行; 算学全書; 暦学全書

The mathematics developed in Japan during the Edo Period (1603-1867) is called "Wasan"<和算> (Japanese mathematics). Wasan, however, has its roots in Chinese mathematics.In the 18th century, Western science and mathematics were transmitted to Tokugawa Japan via Quing China. Mainly because of the necessity of reforming calendars, in 1720 the Tokugawa government began to permit the importation of Western scientific books written in Chinese by the Jesuits missionaries as an exception to the Shogunate's seclusion policy. This partial relaxation policy led to the introduction of Western astronomy and mathematics, particularly trigonometry and logarithms. Japanese mathematicians and astronomers learned them through Chinese Western scientific books, <Li suan quan shu> (published by Mei Juecheng in 1723), <Li xiang kao cheng>( compiled by Mei Juecheng in 1723) <Shu li jing yun> (compiled by order of Chinese empire in 1723) and <Li xiang kao cheng hou bian>(compiled by I. Kogler in 1742). Trigono … More metric function table came from these books. Japanese astronomers and mathematicians used trigonometric tables not only for reforming their calendar but also for land surveying and navigation.Western scientific knowledge was also introduced into Japan from the Netherlands through the port of Nagasaki. The Dutch interpreter Shiduki Tadao translated into Japanese the seminal scientific work, Inleidinge tot de ware Natuuren Sterrekunde of de Natuuren Sterrekundige Lessen, was published in Leiden in 1741, from which he learned plane and spherical trigonometry. Because of the difficulty of translating Dutch terminology into Japanese, he referred to Chinese astronomical and mathematical textbooks for translating mathematical terms into Japanese. One of notable Japanese Dutch researcher Toshiaki Honda referred Chinese Western scientific books too.We think that next research subject will be study of relation with Japanese-Dutch research and Wasan-ka. We also have to study the transmission of the Western Integral and differential calculus via Quing China in the latter of 19-century. Less

江户时代（1603-1867）在日本发展起来的数学被称为“和散”（日本数学），但和散的根源却是中国数学。 18世纪，西方科学和数学通过德川日本传入日本。主要是由于改革历法的需要，德川政府于 1720 年开始允许输入由中国人写的西方科学书籍。耶稣会传教士作为幕府闭关政策的一个例外，导致了西方天文学和数学的引入，特别是三角学和对数，日本数学家和天文学家通过中国西方科学书籍《理算全书》（出版）学习了它们。梅觉诚于1723年编），《礼象考证》（梅觉诚于1723年编） 《数理经韵》（1723年中华帝国命编）和《理象考成后编》（I.科格勒1742年编）等日本天文学家和数学家的三角函数表。三角表不仅用于改革历法，还用于土地测量和航海。西方科学知识也通过荷兰从荷兰传入日本。荷兰翻译家志杜忠雄 (Shiduki Tadao) 将开创性的科学著作《Inleidinge tot de ware Natuuren Sterrekunde of de Natuuren Sterrekundige Lessen》于 1741 年在莱顿出版，他从中学到了平面和球面三角学。在将荷兰语术语翻译成日语时，他参考了中国的天文学和数学教科书，将数学术语翻译成日语。日本著名的荷兰学者本多俊明也参考了中国的西方科学书籍。我们认为下一个研究课题将是研究日本-荷兰研究和和散画的关系。我们还必须研究西方整体和散画的传播。 19世纪后期中国清代的微分学。

项目成果

Kobayashi Tatsuhiko: "What kind of Mathematics and Terminology was transmitted into 18th-century Japan form China?"Historia Scientiarum. Vol.2-1. 1-17 (2002)

小林龙彦：“什么样的数学和术语从中国传入了18世纪的日本？”《科学史》。

小林龍彦: "紅葉山文庫に収蔵される梅文鼎の著作について"科学史研究. 第40号No.22(印刷中). (2002)

小林龙彦：《关于红叶山文库中保​​存的梅文亭的著作》《科学史研究》第 40 期第 22 期（正在印刷）。

小林 龍彦: "剣持章行の「角術捷径」について"数理解析研究所講究録『数学史の研究』. 1257. 234-243 (2002)

小林龙彦：“关于剑持秋之的‘Kakujutsu Kaikyo’”数学分析研究所《数学史研究》1257. 234-243 (2002)。

小林 龍彦: "紅葉山文庫に収蔵される梅文鼎の著作について"料学史研究. 41巻No221. 26-34 (2002)

小林龙彦：“关于红叶山文库中保​​存的梅彩旗的著作”《美食史研究》第 41 卷第 221 期 26-34（2002 年）。

Tatsuhiko Kobayashi: "What was Known about the Polyhedra in Ancient China and Japan"Symmetry2000(印刷中).

小林达彦：“古代中国和日本对多面体的了解”Symmetry2000（出版中）。