A STUDY Of THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE IN THE PREHISTORIC WESTERN ASIA BASED ON THE. MOR.TUARY PRACTICES

基于《史前西亚社会结构的研究》。

基本信息

批准号：
12610410
负责人：
MIYAKE Yutaka
金额：
$ 1.73万
依托单位：
T0KY0 KASEIGAKUN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12610410/
关键词：
WESTERN ASIA BURIAL TELL AIN EL-KERKH MEOLITHIC HALAF GRAVE YARD ナトゥーフ期

项目摘要

Burial evidences attested at a Neolithic settlement of Tell Ain el-Kerkh in northwestern Syria are examined in details from the point of view of burial positions, body directions, grave goods and their spatial distribution.Based on the evidence of age and sex distribution it becomes dear that the most of the burials found atTell Ain elKerkh are consisted of infants and juveniles including fetus and adult burials are rather exceptional. It seems quite likely that graveyard is already established in somewhere outside of the settlement at latest in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B period (PPNB) or El-Rouj period 1. Although the most prevailing burial style is simple inhumations with contracted position, especially in El-Rouj 2d period, the final phase of the Pottery Neolithic, several types of burials are recognised. It is possible that such alteration seen among the burial practices reflects the change of the social structure. It is necessary to obtain more elaborated evidence from the graveyard which has not been attested so far.General aspects of the mortuary practices in the previous and subsequent periods of the Pottery Neolithic period are also examined. In the Natufian period bodies of adults are buried within the settlements. It demonstratesthat the graveyard is not yet established and the dead are treated in the same ways without considering the difference of the age and sex. In the Halaf period graveyard is attested at Yarim Tepe I which is located outside of the settlement The burials found in the graveyards bears rather homogenous aspects; similar positions, body directions. On the contrary most of the burials found within the settlement are either infants inhumations or unusual one such as cremation and removed skull. The aspects of Halatian burials within the settlements are similar to Tell Ain el-Kerkh.

从埋葬位置，埋葬位置，指示，墓碑及其空间分布的角度来详细审查了在叙利亚西北部的告诉Ain El-Kerkh的新石器时代的葬礼证明。根据年龄和性别分布的证据，这是众所周知的埋葬，而成年的伯克尔（Attell Antefient）和junive是由成年人组成的。墓地似乎很可能已经在定居点以外的某个地方建立，最新的新石器时代B时期（PPNB）或El-Rouj时期1。尽管最普遍的埋葬风格是简单的埋葬风格，是具有合同位置的简单inthauts，尤其是在El-Rouj 2d时期，尤其是在El-Rouj 2d时期，是陶器Neolithic Neolithic的最终阶段，是burials的最终阶段。在埋葬实践中看到的这种改变可能反映了社会结构的变化。还必须从尚未得到证明的墓地中获得更多的详细证据。还检查了陶器新石器时代的前期和随后的陶器新石器时代的一般方面。在纳图夫时期，成年人的尸体被埋葬在定居点内。它证明了墓地尚未确定，而死者则以相同的方式对待，而没有考虑年龄和性别的差异。在哈拉夫（Halaf）时期，墓地在雅里姆·特佩（Yarim Tepe）一世被证明，该墓地位于墓地中发现的埋葬物的定居点外面。类似的位置，身体方向。相反，在沉降中发现的大多数埋葬是婴儿吸入或不寻常的埋葬，例如火化和颅骨。在定居点内哈拉性埋葬的各个方面与告诉ain el-kerkh相似。