A BASIC STUDY FOR CO-CONSERVATION OF GEOGRAPHICAL AND BIOLOGICAL LANDSCAPES IN A VOLCANIC REGION.

火山地区地理和生物景观共同保护的基础研究。

基本信息

批准号：
11680525
负责人：
NOMURA Satoshi
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
GUNMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11680525/
关键词：
AIR TEMPERATURE ALPINE PLANTS FUNGAL DISTRIBUTION MICORRHIZAE STRUCTURED SOIL VOLCANIC CRATER VOLCANIC SOIL STRUCTURE VOLCANO 火山地形火山植生協調的保全

项目摘要

ALPINE PLANTS DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS AT MT.KUSATSU MOTOSHIRANE WERE DESCRIBED AND SOME RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS WERE INVESTIGATED.AT THE KARAGAMA VOLCANIC CRATER, HIGHER AREA OF THE CRATER WALL IS MAINLY COVERED WITH ABIES VEITCHIIAND BETULA ERMANII, AND LOWER AREA IS COVERED WITH PINUS PUMILA AND VACCINIUM ULIGINOSUM.THIS DISTRIBUTION PATTERN IS CONTRARY TO THE GENERAL PATTERN OF THESE SPECIES.CONTINUOUS AIR TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT REVEALED THAT THE HIGHER AREA WAS WARMER THAN THE LOWER AREA DURING THE WINTER SEASON.THE SOIL PROFILE AT THE BOTTOM OF THE KARAGAMA VOLCANIC CRATER SUGGESTS THAT THIS AREA IS UNDER WET AND COLD ENVIRONMENT.THERE ARE MANY NATURALLY-DESTRUCTED SITES AROUND THE CRATER AND SANDS AND GRAVELS ARE CONTINUOUSLY SUPPLIED TO THE BOTTOM OF THE CRATER.THESE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS MAY CAUSE THE UNIQUE PATTERN OF THE VEGETATION IN THE CRATER.THERE ARE SOME SITES WITH STRUCTURED SOILS IN AND AROUND THE KARAGAMA CRATER AND ENORMOUS NUMBER OF AN ALPINE PLANT, DICENTRA PEREGRINA, ARE PLANTED THERE.THE GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY REVEALED THAT THIS PLANT WAS REMOVED FROM THE SAND BELT OF THE STRUCTURED SOILS BY SOIL MOVEMENT CAUSED BY THE CREATION OF FROST COLUMNS DURING THE OLD SEASON.INVESTIGATION OF RHIZOSPHERIC FUNGI SHOWED THAT MOST OF THE ALPINE PLANT SPECIES GROWING AT THE TOP OF THE MT.KUSATSU MOTOSHIRANE AND MT.KUSATSU SIRANE HAVE MICORRHIZAL SYMBIOSIS.THIS SUGGEST THAT THE MICORRHIZAL FUNGI PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE FOR ALPINE PLANT SURVIVAL IN THE VOLCANIC REGION.FUNGAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS IN LITTERS OF PINUS PUMILA AND ABIES VEITCHII, ANIMAL DUNGS AND VOLCANIC ACID LAKES REVEALED THAT THE DECOMPOSITION SYSTEM IN THIS VOLCANIC REGION IS REGULATED BY THE COLD CLIMATE, BUT MAYBE GOOD ENOUGH FOR MATTER CYCLING WITHIN THIS ECOSYSTEM.

描述了草津本原山高山植物的分布规律并调查了相关的环境因素。覆盖着黑松和越橘。这种分布规律与这些物种的一般分布规律相反。连续气温测量表明，冬季高处比低处温暖。底部土壤剖面卡拉格玛火山口表明该地区处于潮湿和寒冷的环境下。火山口周围有许多自然破坏的遗址，沙子和砾石不断地供应到火山口的底部。这些环境条件可能会导致火山口独特的格局。火山口内的植被。卡拉伽马火山口及其周围有一些结构化土壤，那里种植了大量的高山植物Dicentra Peregrina。地理调查显示，这种植物是从结构化的沙带中移走的。旧季节霜柱形成引起的土壤运动。对根际真菌的调查表明，生长在草津本原山和草津神山山顶的高山植物种类大多具有微根共生关系。表明微根真菌对火山区高山植物的生存具有重要作用。普米拉松、冷杉凋落物、动物粪便和火山酸湖中真菌的分布模式揭示了该火山区的分解系统受寒冷气候的调节，但可能足以适合该生态系统内的物质循环。