Confinement of gaseous atoms with superfluid helium film and its application to the test of time-reversal symmetry

超流氦膜对气态原子的约束及其在时间反演对称性检验中的应用

• 批准号: 11304023
• 负责人: YABUZAKI Tsutomu
• 金额: $ 24.94万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11304023/
• 关键词: Gaseous alkali-metal atom; Optical pumping; Spin-polarization; Superfluid helium; Permanent electric dipole moment; Laser spectroscopy; High precision measurement; エキシマー

The purpose of this project is to realize the alkali vapor cell at liquid helium temperature, by coating the cell walls with superfluid helium film, suitable for the spin- related fundamental physics, particularly to the measurement of atomic electric dipole moment (EDM) for the test of time reversal symmetry. Through this project we could get various important results as follows.(1) We could realize experimentally alkali vapor cell, where the life of gaseous alkali atoms was as long as 10-100 s.(2) We could develop a novel method of production of alkali gaseous atoms, so called "light-induced atom desorption LIAD" method, witch can produce gaseous atoms with weak cw light, without strong convection.(3) It was found that the superfluidity of the liquid helium on the wall plays an important role for the LIAD, and the mechanism could be revealed.(4) Optical pumping experiment was made to the produced atoms in the cold cell. We found that the spin-relaxation time was determined by the lifetime of atoms 10-100 s.(5) We developed the method of atomic spin with the Faraday effect, which minimized the perturbation to the spin state. We also proposed the method of spin non-demolition measurement, which is very suitable for the atomic EDM measurement.(7) We also proposed and studied a novel method to observe the special distribution of spin polarization, optical magnetic-resonance imaging.(8) As a new effect of cold helium gas to alkali-metal atom, we found the formation of excimer and exciplexes, where helium atoms are sticking to the excited state alkali atoms. Trough spectroscopic studies of these excited-state molecules, we could determine their energies, including vibrational energies, and could get the information of formation.

该项目的目的是通过用超氟氦膜涂上细胞壁，以实现碱性蒸汽细胞，适合于自旋相关的基本物理，尤其是用于测量原子电偶极矩（EDM）测试时间逆转对称性。通过这个项目，我们可以得到以下各种重要结果。（1）我们可以实现实验性的碱蒸气细胞，那里的气态碱原子的寿命长达10-100 s。（2）我们可以开发一种新颖的生产方法碱气态原子，即所谓的“光原子解吸LIAD”方法，女巫可以产生具有弱CW光的气态原子，而无需对流。 LIAD的作用，可以揭示机理。（4）对冷细胞中产生的原子进行了光学泵送实验。我们发现，自旋 - 延伸时间由原子10-100 s的寿命确定。（5）我们开发了一种具有法拉第效应的原子自旋方法，该方法最大程度地减少了对自旋状态的扰动。我们还提出了旋转非脱色测量方法的方法，该方法非常适合原子EDM测量。（7）我们还提出并研究了一种新方法，以观察自旋极化，光学磁性成像的特殊分布（8）（8）（8）（8 ）作为冷氦气到碱金属原子的新作用，我们发现了准分子和动力学的形成，其中氦原子坚持在激发态碱原子上。这些激发态分子的槽光谱研究，我们可以确定它们的能量，包括振动能，并可以获取形成的信息。

项目成果

K. Ishikawa et al.: "Optical magnetic-resonance Imaging of laser-polarized Cs atoms"J. Opt. Soc. Am.. 16-1. 31-37 (1999)

K. Ishikawa 等：“激光偏振 Cs 原子的光学磁共振成像”J。

Y.Takahashi: "Observation of spin echoes of laser-cooled Rb atoms"Phys. Rev. A. 59-5. 3761-3765 (1999)

Y.Takahashi：“激光冷却 Rb 原子自旋回波的观察”Phys。

K.Ishikawa: "Diffusion coefficient and sublevel coherence of Rb atoms in N_2 baffer gas"Phys.Res.A. 62. 065401-1-4 (2001)

K.Ishikawa：“N_2缓冲气体中Rb原子的扩散系数和亚能级相干性”Phys.Res.A。

K.Honda: "Magneto-optical trapping of Yb atoms and a limit on the branching ratio of the 1P1 state"Phys. Rev.. A. R 934-937 (1999)

K.Honda：“Yb 原子的磁光捕获和 1P1 态支化比的限制”Phys。

K. Ishikawa et al.: "Diffusion coefficient and sublevel coherence of Rb atoms in N2 buffer gas"Phys. Rev. A. 62. 065401-1--4 (2000)

K. Ishikawa 等：“N2 缓冲气体中 Rb 原子的扩散系数和亚能级相干性”Phys。