A FUNDAMENTAL STUDY ON THE GROWTH OF SCULPTURAL STYLE OF DVARAVATI

达瓦拉瓦蒂雕塑风格发展的基础研究

基本信息

批准号：
10610056
负责人：
AKIYAMA Terufumi
金额：
$ 2.43万
依托单位：
OCHANOMIZU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10610056/
关键词：
Dvaravati Buddhist Art History of Asian Sculpture South-East Asian art 東南アジア

项目摘要

Dvaravati is the ancient kingdom of Southeast Asia that flourished from the 6th to the 13th century. It was the first Mon kingdom established in what is now Thailand and played an im-portant role as a propagator of Indian culture. Situated in the lower Chao Phraya River valley, Dvaravati extended westward to the Tenasserim Yoma (mountains) and southward to the Isthmus of Kra. Dvaravati emerged as an independent entity late in the 6th century AD, maintaining its independence until late in the 11th century. Rarely politically dominant and continually under the shadow of stronger neighbours, Dvaravati was prevented by geographic barriers from establishing close political ties with other Mon states to the west in southern Myanmar (Burma) and with the Mon state in northern Thailand. Dvaravati experienced political domination by neighbouring peoples on three separate occasions : in the 10th century, when the Burmese conquered the Mon state of Thaton west of the Tenasserim Yoma ; from the 11t … More h to the 13th century, when the Khmer empire (Cambodia) arose in the east ; and finally, in the late 13th century, when Dvaravati was absorbed by the Thai empire. Subjugation did not, however, mean extinction. The Dvaravati Mon retained their customs and a relative degree of racial homogeneity under their own rulers. Dvaravati was historically important as a transmitter of Indian culture. Having had early commercial and cultural contact with India, the Mon assumed the role of disseminators of the main features of Indian culture. They were the most receptive of Southeast Asian peoples to Indian art and literature. Indian influence was apparent in matters of sculpture, writing, law, and governmental forms. Despite political domination, Dvaravati exerted another important force in relation to its conquerors. Whereas contacts with India had contributed to the development and character of Mon civilization, the Dvaravati Mon in their turn became the teachers of their conquerors, the Khmer, the Burmese, and the Thai. All three conquerors were influenced by Dvaravati in writing systems, art forms, government, religious terminology, and scholarship. In this project, the ivestivator verify the growth of Dvaravati style in the Buddhist sculpture of Thiland should be caused mainly from the post-Gupta Sarnath style. But the influence of South-Indian (especially Amaravati) sculptural style should be also added though the connection between the Sinharese Buddhist mission from Sri-Lanka. And at the same time, we need to gaze the influence from the eary Myanmar (Burmese, but not Burmese race) kingdom, such as Pyu. Less

德瓦拉瓦蒂（Dvaravati）是东南亚的古代王国，从6世纪至13世纪荧光。这是现在在泰国的第一个蒙多国王国，并扮演着印度文化的传播者的重要角色。德瓦拉瓦蒂（Dvaravati）位于下部的菲拉河谷（Phraya River Valley），向西延伸至Tenasserim Yama（山），向南延伸至KRA的地峡。达瓦拉瓦蒂（Dvaravati）在公元6世纪后期成为一个独立的实体，一直保持独立，直到11世纪末。德瓦拉瓦蒂很少在政治上占主导地位，并且在坚强的邻居的阴影下，地理障碍阻止了与其他与其他元国家建立密切的政治联系，缅甸南部（缅甸）以及北泰国的蒙蒙州。德瓦拉瓦蒂（Dvaravati）在三个不同的场合经历了邻国人的政治统治：在10世纪，缅甸人征服了Tenasserim Yama西部的Mon州；从11t…更多的H到13世纪，高棉帝国（柬埔寨）在东方出现。最后，在13世纪后期，当德瓦拉瓦蒂被泰国帝国吸收时。但是，征服并不意味着延伸。 Dvaravati Mon在自己的规则下保留了他们的习俗和相对的种族同质性。德瓦拉瓦蒂（Dvaravati）在历史上作为印度文化的发射器很重要。 Mon在与印度进行了早期的商业和文化接触之后，担任了印度文化主要特征的传播者的作用。他们是印度艺术和文学中最容易接受的东南亚人民。在雕塑，写作，法律和政府形式的问题上，印度的影响很明显。尽管政治统治，但德瓦拉瓦蒂（Dvaravati）与征服者施加了另一个重要力量。尽管与印度的联系促进了蒙文明的发展和特征，但德瓦拉瓦蒂·蒙（Dvaravati Mon）又成为了征服者，高棉，缅甸人和泰国的老师。这三个征服者在写作系统，艺术形式，政府，宗教术语和科学方面都受到德瓦拉瓦蒂的影响。在这个项目中，Ivestivator在佛教雕塑中验证了三个雕塑中的dvaravati风格的增长，应该主要是由后古普塔·萨纳斯（Gupta Sarnath）风格引起的。但是，还应增加南印度（尤其是阿马拉瓦蒂）雕塑风格的影响，尽管斯里兰卡的僧伽罗人佛教使命之间的联系。同时，我们需要凝视伊利缅甸（缅甸，但不是缅甸种族）王国（例如PYU）的影响力。较少的