A Study of Areal and Genealogical Distribution of Word Order around the World

世界各地词序的地域和谱系分布研究

• 批准号: 09610529
• 负责人: YAMAMOTO Hideki
• 金额: $ 0.96万
• 依托单位: HIROSAKI UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09610529/
• 关键词: Linguistic Typology; Word Order Type; Consistent Word Order; Typogeography; the World's Languages; Comparative Linguistics; Language Contact; Geographical Typology; 再建; 地理的分布; 系統的分布; 語順変化; 準整合的語順; 通時変化

In this study, I have made a list of data on word order from around 3,000 languages, a list of its genealogical distribution, and maps of word order distributions in each area on the globe, all of which are the largest in the world. Analyzing them, I have demonstrated the following points in the present study.When the word order is considered from an areal-typological point of view, we find that only two or three word order types, namely, consistent VO, and consistent or subconsistent OV types occupy vast continuous areas on the globe. Although there exist a number of languages with inconsistent word order, none of the inconsistent types occupies such a large continuous area, and they are usually located around consistent types with some geographical or diachronic factors : language contact between different types or transition from one consistent type to another. Thus, we can consider the consistent types to be still significant as basic, ideal, or prototypical types of human languages, and inconsistent types to be typically transitional types, which exist only in peripheral areas of consistent word order types.Currently, the areas of consistent VO type are almost as large as those of consistent OV type. When the distribution is considered from a historical point of view, however, it is very likely that most of the areas had been covered with (S)OV-type languages and that the areas of VO type had been very restricted before major language families began to expand after the Neolithic age.Although I have already published several papers during this study, I intend to study the areal and genealogical distribution on word order more intensively, and write a book on the topic.

在这项研究中，我列出了大约3,000种语言的单词顺序数据列表，其家谱分布列表以及全球每个区域的单词顺序分布的地图，所有这些分布都是世界上最大的。在分析它们中，我已经证明了本研究中的以下几点。从面积类典型的角度考虑订单时，我们发现只有两种或三个单词顺序类型，即，一致的vo和一致或一致或子稳定的OV类型占据了全球广阔的连续区域。尽管有许多语言顺序不一致的语言，但不一致的类型都没有占有如此大的连续区域，并且它们通常位于一致的类型周围，具有某些地理位置或简介因素：不同类型或从一种一致类型到另一种类型的过渡之间的语言接触。因此，我们可以将一致的类型视为人类语言的基本，理想或原型类型，而不一致的类型通常是过渡类型，而这种类型的类型仅在一致的单词顺序类型的外围区域中存在。但是，当从历史的角度考虑分布时，很有可能大多数领域都被（s）OV型语言所覆盖，并且在新石器时代后主要语言家庭开始扩展之前，VO类型的领域受到了非常限制。尽管我已经在这项研究中发表了几篇论文，但在这项研究中，我就注明了众所周知的词汇，并在词汇上进行了序言，并在综合词上进行了更多的书面分配，并具有更多的书面依据，并具有良好的态度。

项目成果

山本秀樹: "世界諸言語における語順の地理的分布の変遷"一般化言語学論叢. 第1号. 49-72 (1998)

Hideki Yamamoto：“世界语言中词序地理分布的变化”普通语言学系列第 1. 49-72 (1998)。