A Systematic Study of Faulkner's Legacy in Contemporary American Literature

福克纳对美国当代文学遗产的系统研究

基本信息

批准号：
09610483
负责人：
TANAKA Hisao
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Through a systematic exploration of some aspects of William Faulkner's literary legacy which should be pursued in contemporary American litera-ture, the present investigator first grasped the important characteristics of Faulkner's fiction, by focusing on his two contemporary great authors, Thomas Wolfe and Eugene O'Neill, the former from the Piedmont of the South, and the latter from New England : those characteristics are---(1) the exploration of the regional history and identidy, (2) the use of the stream of consciousness, (3) the incessant renovation of the form of the novel, (4) the organic combination of the aboriginal material and the experimental, modern novelist form, (5) the historical sense of the presentness of the past, (6) the introduction of the supernatural elements used in magic realism, (7) the antithetical representation of the human phenomena, (8) the chronicle-like construction of the oeuvre, (9) the psychological investigation of the famil-ial relationship as a ho … More tbed of human conflicts, (10) concern with the idea of metafiction, (11) the Calvinistic recognition of the environmental force as fatality.Next, based on these characteristics of Faulkner's fictional world, the present researcher made clear the peculial qualities of Southern society, which suffered from the great ordeal of the aftermath of the slavery and the defeat in the Civil War, employing two points of view of "race" and class, the essential viewpoints, together with gender, for the contemporary literary study.Thirdly, the present investigator, regarding William Styron and Toni Morrison as the authentic sucessors to Faulkner's legacy in contemporary American literature, studied the former in terms of the incestuous relation between father and daughter in the tragedy of the while middle-class family, while exploring in the latter's fiction the representation of African-Americans in light of the hierarchy of color and gaze, a hierarchy deeply entangled with "race, " a hot issue in the recent literary criticism. At the end of this report is placed a brief supplementary research concerning both these three autors' concern with and representation of the slavery. Less

通过对威廉·福克纳文学遗产中美国当代文学应追求的某些方面的系统探讨，笔者首先把握了福克纳小说的重要特征，重点关注福克纳当代的两位伟大作家托马斯·沃尔夫和尤金·奥尼尔，前者来自南方皮埃蒙特，后者来自新英格兰：这些特点是——（1）对地域历史和身份的探索，（2）意识流的运用，（3）小说形式的不断革新，（4）原住民素材与实验性、现代小说形式的有机结合，（5）过去的现在性的历史感，（6）超自然元素的引入用于魔幻现实主义，（7）人类现象的对立表现，（8）作品的编年史般的构建，（9）对家庭关系作为人类冲突的温床的心理调查，（10）对元小说观念的关注，（11）加尔文主义对环境力量作为宿命的认识。接下来，基于福克纳虚构世界的这些特征，本研究者阐明了遭受苦难的南方社会的特殊品质。从奴隶制后果和内战失败的巨大磨难中，运用“种族”和阶级两种观点，与性别一起，成为当代文学研究的基本观点。研究者将威廉·斯泰伦和托妮·莫里森视为美国当代文学中福克纳遗产的真正继承者，从中产阶级家庭悲剧中的父女乱伦关系来研究前者，同时在后者的小说中进行探索肤色和目光等级对非裔美国人的再现，这种等级与“种族”深深纠缠在一起，是近期文学批评的热点问题。在本报告的最后，对这三者进行了简短的补充研究。作者对奴隶制的关注和表现较少。