The Origin and Transition of the Ideas of Equality and Discrimination in Buddhism, Focusing on the Mahayana Mahaparinirvanasutra

佛教平等与分别心思想的源流与变迁——以大乘《大般涅槃经》为中心

• 批准号: 09610018
• 负责人: FUJII Kyoko
• 金额: $ 1.92万
• 依托单位: HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09610018/
• 关键词: icchantika; panca-gotrani; Mahaparinirvanasutra; buddha-dhatu; tathagata-garbha; eka-yana; Chih-I; Chi-tsang; 一闡堤; 仏種; 法華経; 道生; 性具; 聖徳太子; 『法華経』; 『梵網経』

Mahayana Mahaparinirvanasutra asserts that all sentient beings possess buddha-dhatu. Yet the sutra makes one exception to this otherwise universal rule: the icchantika. The existence of this category of beings as the object of discrimination runs contrary to the spirit of Buddhism, which as a rule recognizes the fundamental equality of all beings. I traced the process of change in the concept of icchantika within Indian Buddhism. Furthermore, by examining relevant works of representative Chinese Buddhist thinkers, I investigated the problem of how the icchantika were interpreted in Chinese Buddhism. As a result of this inquiry, it became clear that the icchantika had already transformed into a purely conceptual existence within Indian Buddhism, and was accepted as such from the beginning in Chinese Buddhism.As head of the research team, I have presented one part of the results of the research at the XII th Conference of The International Association of Buddhist Studies held in Lausanne, Aug. 23-28, 1999. In addition to this, I have presented the findings of this research at several other Conferences in Japan, and also published these findings as articles in various journals.

Mahayana Mahaparinirvanasutra断言，所有的众生都有佛陀。然而，《佛经》对这种原本普遍的规则提出了一个例外：iChantika。这种生物作为歧视的对象的存在与佛教的精神背道而驰，佛教的精神通常认识到所有生物的基本平等。我追溯了印度佛教中Icchantika概念的变化过程。此外，通过研究中国佛教思想家的相关作品，我调查了如何用中国佛教来解释Icchantika的问题。作为这一询问的结果，很明显，Icchantika已经变成了印度佛教中纯粹的概念存在，并且从中国佛教的一开始就被接受。作为研究小组的负责人，我在XII的研究会议上介绍了研究中的研究成果的一部分。日本的会议，并在各种期刊上发表了这些发现作为文章。

项目成果

細田典明: "『ブリハッド・アーラニヤカ・ウパエシャッド』と『ダンマ パタ』"『印度哲学仏教学』. 14. 102-111 (1999)

Noriaki Hosoda：“‘Brihad Aranyaka Upaeshad’和‘Dhamma Patha’”印度佛教哲学。14. 102-111 (1999)

吉水清孝: "シャバラによるスートラ2.1.5註の理解にむけて"『印度学仏教学研究』. 47-2. (61)-(67) (1999)

Kiyotaka Yoshimizu：“对 Shabala 的 Sutra 2.1.5 注释的理解”，《印度研究与佛教研究》47-2 (61)-(67) (1999)。

Kyoko FUJII: "On the treatments of icchannka in T'ien-t'ai thoughts"Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies. Vol.48-2(in press). (2000)

藤井恭子：“论天台思想中的一证卡治疗”《印度与佛教研究杂志》。

沼田一郎: "出家者と法の問題" 印度学仏教学研究. 46-2. (1998)

沼田一郎：《印度研究和佛教中的牧师和法律问题》46-2。

Noriaki HOSODA: "Tree Similes in Brhadaranyakopanisad and Dhammapada"Hokkaido Journal of Indological and Buddhist Studies. No.14. 102-111 (1999)

Noriaki Hosoda：“Brhadaranyakopanisad 和 Dhammapada 中的树比喻”《北海道印度学和佛教研究杂志》。