Occupational Career and Life Style

职业生涯和生活方式

• 批准号: 07610192
• 负责人: KATOU Kikuko
• 金额: $ 1.15万
• 依托单位: HOKKAIDO INFORMATION UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07610192/
• 关键词: occupational career; life style; old age; coal miner; public official; housewife

The respondents are people who were born between 1908 and 1927. My aim was to grasp the characteristics of their life styles and social relationships which are affected by occupational careers. I would like to consider the meaning of life and careers. I also think it important to compare women's life styles with men's. I will show three points as my findings here.(1) I focused on the theoretical problems of housewives. The housewife as one kind of life style seemed to make the mainstream in the 1970's in Japan. But our data show housewives sometimes did part-time jobs at home or outside. This was a phenomenon whereby housewives, as one kind of women's life styles, spread from the bourgeoisie before the second world war to the working class in postwar Japan. Housewives who did not have jobs are found not only in white collar families, but also in blue collar ones in our cases. This is because blue collar workers sometimes worked for high wages in big business.(2) Men had worked for the same company for a long time or had continued the same jobs throughout their working lives. Some people continued to get together with and maintain friendly relations with colleages or co-workers after retirement. Even their housewives sometimes followed their ways.(3) More women have key persons who help them as human resources in comparison with men. At the same time, more women have a wide circle of acquaintances. This explains a fact that more women are apt to lost their spouses and need to reorganize a social network for their new life stage.

受访者是1908年至1927年之间出生的人。我的目的是掌握受职业职业影响的生活方式和社会关系的特征。我想考虑生活和职业的意义。我也认为将女性的生活方式与男性的生活方式进行比较很重要。我将在这里显示三个点。（1）我专注于家庭主妇的理论问题。作为一种生活方式的家庭主妇似乎在1970年代在日本成为主流。但是我们的数据表明，家庭主妇有时在家中或外部从事兼职工作。这是一种现象，作为一种妇女的生活方式，家庭主妇从第二次世界大战之前的资产阶级传播到战后日本的工人阶级。没有工作的家庭主妇不仅在白领家庭中找到，而且在我们的案例中也发现了蓝领。这是因为蓝领工人有时从事大型企业的高工资工作。（2）男人在同一家公司工作了很长时间，或者在整个工作生活中一直在继续工作。退休后，有些人继续与盟友或同事保持友好关系。即使是他们的家庭主妇有时也会遵循他们的方式。（3）越来越多的女性有关键人物，与男性相比，他们作为人力资源。同时，越来越多的妇女有很多熟人。这解释了一个事实，即越来越多的女性倾向于失去配偶，需要重组社交网络为新的生活阶段。