Interrelationship between nutrient and water uptake of crops and salt accumulation in the soil under arid conditions

干旱条件下作物养分和水分吸收与土壤盐分积累的相互关系

基本信息

批准号：
07456152
负责人：
FUJIYAMA Hideyasu
金额：
$ 0.45万
依托单位：
Tottori University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07456152/
关键词：
arid land Dune soil Masa soil Alluvial soil Red and Yellow soil groundwater level salt accumulation evapotranspiration 蒸散養分吸収

项目摘要

The purpose of the study was to investigate the mechanism of salt accumulation in the soils with high groundwater levels under arid conditions. The factors brought in the study were physico-chemical characteristics of the soil, groundwater level, and growing plants on the soil. The soils used were the Dune soil, Masa soil, improved Alluvial soil and Red and Yellow soil. The plants used were soybean, cabbage and corn. Several groundwater levels between 15cm and 35cm were kept using mariots.In the Dune soil, the groundwater level strongly influenced the soil water profile and evapotranspiration. The 30cm level made the surface soil layr dried. The high groundwater levels increased the evapotranspiration, but did not accumulated the salts in the surface soil layr. Neither an increased water consumption by growing plants brought about the salt accumulation. It seemed that the salts moved with water were not fixed due to the low CEC of the Dune soil. This might be supported by the fact that the salt accumulation in the surface soil layr increased with the increasing clay content and CEC of the soil.In the Red and Yellow soil, the groundwater levels and growing plants had a little effect on soil water profile, but had a large effect on the salt accumulation in the surface soil layr, especially under growing crops. Also the movement and distribution of Na^+ in the groundwater was influenced by the exchanging rate with cations in the soil.The salt accumulation in the Masa soil and the Alluvial soil was in the middle between the Dune soil and the Red and Yellow soil.

该研究的目的是研究在干旱条件下地下水水平高的土壤中盐积累的机理。研究中带来的因素是土壤，地下水水平和土壤上生长植物的物理化学特征。所使用的土壤是沙丘土壤，Masa土壤，改善了冲积土壤和红色和黄色的土壤。所用的植物是大豆，白菜和玉米。在沙丘土壤中，保持了15厘米至35厘米之间的几个地下水水平，地下水水平强烈影响土壤水的剖面和蒸散量。 30厘米的水平使表面土层干燥。高地下水水平增加了蒸散量，但没有在表面土壤中积聚盐。通过种植植物会增加盐分积累的用水量增加。由于沙丘土壤的CEC低，似乎没有用水移动的盐是固定的。这可以支持以下事实：表面土壤中的盐积累随着土壤的粘土含量和CEC的增加而增加。在红色和黄色的土壤中，地下水水平和生长植物对土壤水的剖面有很小的影响，但对地表土壤中的盐积累的影响很大，尤其是在种植农作物的情况下。同样，地下水中Na^+的运动和分布也受土壤中阳离子的交换速率的影响。马萨土壤中的盐积累和冲积土位在沙丘土壤和红色和黄色土壤之间的中间。