Preparation, Characterization and Application of Semiconductor Nanoparticulate Films

半导体纳米颗粒薄膜的制备、表征及应用

基本信息

批准号：
07455340
负责人：
YONEYAMA Hiroshi
金额：
$ 4.29万
依托单位：
Osaka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Size-quantized semiconductor nanocrystals possess transient properties from bulk materials to molecules and have been very interesting research subjects. Many researches have been performed using suspended particles in solution. We have investigated preparation methods of nanoparticle films and properties of the prepared films. The following results were obtained in the present study.(1) Immobilization of size-quantized titanium dioxide particles in polyvinylpyrrolidinone (PVPD) gel films was accomplished using electrophoretic deposition of titanium dioxide nanoparticles stabilized by PVPD in 2-propanol. The obtained gel films had high photocatalytic activities for reduction of nitrate ion and carbon dioxide to give ammonia and methanol, respectively. If these films were irradiated in the presence of both nitrate ion and carbon dioxide, urea was photoformed. (2) The films of titanium dioxide nanoparticle immobilized in silica matrices were prepared using the sol-gel technique with hydrolysis of Ti (OEt) _4 and Si (OEt) _4. The photoreduction of carbon dioxide on the prepared films gave carbon monoxide and formate as the reduction products and the ratio of those two kinds of products were influenced by the dielectric constant of the solvents used ; the fraction of formate increased with increase of the dielectric constant of solvent used. (3) The monolayr film of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles was prepared by covalently immobilizing cadimium sulfide nanoparticle to Au (111) with use of chemistry of self-assembling. STM measurements revealed that the obtained monolayr film was composed of the nanoparticles of 2-3 nm diameter without aggregation. Tunneling spectroscopy of a single nanoparticle could be performed, and the energy structure of cadmium sulfide nanoparticle was successfully determined.

大小定量的半导体纳米晶体具有从散装材料到分子的瞬态特性，并且是非常有趣的研究对象。在溶液中使用悬浮颗粒进行了许多研究。我们已经研究了制备膜的纳米颗粒膜和性能的制备方法。（1）使用PVPD在2-丙烷中PVPD稳定的二氧化钛纳米颗粒的电泳沉积来完成，在本研究中获得了以下结果。获得的凝胶膜具有较高的光催化活性，可分别减少硝酸盐离子和二氧化碳，分别提供氨和甲醇。如果在硝酸盐离子和二氧化碳存在下辐照这些膜，则将尿素得到光化。（2）使用用Ti（OET）_4和Si（OET）_4进行水解的SOL-GEL技术制备了固定在二氧化硅基质中的二氧化钛纳米颗粒的膜。二氧化碳在制备膜上的光摄影给出了一氧化碳和甲酸盐，作为还原产物，这两种产物的比率受所使用溶剂的介电常数的影响。随着所用溶剂的介电常数的增加，甲酸的比例增加。（3）通过使用自组装化学的化学性质将硫化镉纳米颗粒固定到Au（111）中，制备了硫化镉纳米颗粒的单层膜。 STM测量结果表明，所获得的单层膜由直径为2-3 nm的纳米颗粒组成，而无需聚集。可以执行单个纳米颗粒的隧道光谱法，并成功确定硫化物纳米颗粒的能量结构。