Source and source strength determination of atmospheric organic acids

大气有机酸的来源和来源强度测定

• 批准号: 07454142
• 负责人: SAKUGAWA Hiroshi
• 金额: $ 4.74万
• 依托单位: HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07454142/
• 关键词: ORGANIC ACID; CARBON STABLE ISOTOPIC RATIO; AUTO MOBILE EXHAUST; ACID RAIN; 大気汚染; 大気中の有機酸; 有機酸の同位体比分析

(1) Concentrations of rain and dew organic acids such as formic, acetic and oxalic acids in the Hiroshima prefecture, western Japan, during 1995-1997 were determined by ion chromatography. Concentration range of formic, acetic and oxalic acids detected in rain and dew was 0-25,0-49 and 0-3.4mu M,respectivesy. The percentage of free acidity generated from organic acids to that from the total acidic substances was 2.9-7.1% and 14% in rain and dew, respectivesy, implying that organic acids contribute to the acidification of rain and dew.(2) Measurements of organic acid concentrations in car exhausts and combustion gases of incinerator were carried out to evaluate the role of anthropogenic activities in the production of atmospheric organic acids. The results indicate that these fossil fuel combustion gases contain from ppbv level to hundreds ppbv level of organic acids and the emission rates of these organic acids into the atmosphere are calculated to be from tons to hundreds tons per year in the Hiroshima fecture.(3) To elucidate the source and source strength of atmospheric organic acids, carbon stable isotopic ratio of organic acids was determined. Authentic samples of organic acids were first examined to determine if the change of isotopic ratio occurs during lon chromatographic separation and it was found to occur only minor isotopic ratio change. Thus the measurement of stable isotopic ratio of organic acids should be an useful method to determine the origin of organic acids.

(1)采用离子色谱法测定了1995-1997年日本西部广岛县雨露中甲酸、乙酸和草酸等有机酸的浓度。雨和露水中检测到的甲酸、乙酸和草酸的浓度范围分别为0-25、0-49和0-3.4μM。雨和露水中有机酸产生的游离酸占总酸性物质的比例分别为2.9-7.1%和14%，表明有机酸对雨和露的酸化有贡献。(2)有机酸的测量对汽车尾气和焚烧炉燃烧气体中的酸浓度进行了测定，以评估人类活动在大气有机酸产生中的作用。结果表明，这些化石燃料燃烧气体中含有 ppbv 级至数百 ppbv 级的有机酸，计算出广岛县每年向大气中排放的有机酸为数吨至数百吨。(3)为了阐明大气有机酸的来源和来源强度，测定了有机酸的碳稳定同位素比。首先检查有机酸的真实样品，以确定在离子色谱分离过程中是否发生同位素比的变化，结果发现仅发生较小的同位素比变化。因此，有机酸稳定同位素比的测量应该是确定有机酸来源的有用方法。

项目成果

佐久川弘、竹野律子、松木佳奈子 三宅隆之、竹田一彦、藤原棋多夫: "広島県における大気及び雨水中の有機酸の測定" 日本化学会誌. 823-829 (1995)

Hiroshi Sakukawa、Ritsuko Takeno、Kanako Matsuki、Takayuki Miyake、Kazuhiko Takeda、Kitao Fujiwara：“广岛县空气和雨水中有机酸的测量”日本化学学会杂志 823-829（1995）。

Hiroshi, Sakugawa: "Measurements of atmospheric and rainwater organic acids in the Hiroshima Prefecture" NIPPON KAGAKU KAISHI. 823-829 (1995)

Hiroshi, Sakukawa：“广岛县大气和雨水有机酸的测量”NIPPON KAGAKU KAISHI。

佐久川弘、竹野律子、松木佳奈子、三宅隆之、竹田一彦、藤原祺田夫: "広島県における大気および雨水中の有機酸の測定" 日本化学会誌. 823-829 (1995)

Hiroshi Sakukawa、Ritsuko Takeno、Kanako Matsuki、Takayuki Miyake、Kazuhiko Takeda、Keidao Fujiwara：“广岛县空气和雨水中有机酸的测量”日本化学学会杂志 823-829 (1995)。

Hiroshi, Sakugawa: "Stable carbon isotope measurements of atmospheric organic acids in Los Angeles, California" GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS. VOL.22. 1509-1512 (1995)

佐久川浩：“加利福尼亚州洛杉矶大气有机酸的稳定碳同位素测量”地球物理研究快报。

H.Sakugawa and I.R.Kaplan: "Stable carbon isotope measurements of atmospheric organic acids in Los Angeles,California" GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS. VOL22. 1509-1512 (1995)

H.Sakukawa 和 I.R.Kaplan：“加利福尼亚州洛杉矶大气有机酸的稳定碳同位素测量”地球物理研究快报。