Prediction of Viscous Debris Flow and Its Mitigation

粘性泥石流预测及其缓解

基本信息

批准号：
07044144
负责人：
TAKAHASHI Tamotsu
金额：
$ 5.44万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The research aimed to make clear the mechanism of flow, the process of occurrence and the method to cope with for the viscous type debris flows. The joint research has been implemented by observing the actial flow in the Jiangjia test field in Yunnan Province, china together with the basic research in the laboratory.Every time when the Japanse staff members visited the test field, the debris flow occurred and the details of the actuality of the flow were grasped. Different from the stony type debris flow, the viscous type debris flows have happened rather long after the intense rainfall and they have appeared as the numerous surges. From these characteristics a conclusion that each surge has been produced by a small scale landslide has deduced.The viscous debris flow used to be explained by the Bingham fluid model that attributed the stoppage of the flow between the successive surges to the yield strength of the material. The data of the observation, however, denied the existence of such a strength, and therefore a new Newtonian fluid model was introduced. The mechanism for supporting concentrated solid particles in the laminar Newtonian fluid was made clear and formulae for deposition velocity of the particles and for the resistance to flow were deduced. Thereby, a numerical simulation of the debris flow became possible.The deatailed survey of the topographical change before and after the debris flow and the examination of the effectiveness of the countermeasures in the actual basins suggested the principle to cope with the viscous debris flows.

该研究旨在清除流动机理，发生的过程以及应对粘性碎片流的方法。联合研究是通过观察中国云南省江吉测试领域的行为流以及实验室的基础研究来实施的。随着日本工作人员参观了测试场，发生了碎屑流以及流量的现实细节。与石质型碎屑流不同，粘性碎片流发生在强烈的降雨之后很长时间发生了，它们出现在众多潮流中。从这些特征得出的结论是，每种浪涌都是由小规模的滑坡推断出来的。粘性碎屑流曾经用宾厄姆流体模型来解释，该模型将连续潮流之间的流量停止归因于材料的屈服强度。但是，观察的数据否认存在这种强度，因此引入了新的牛顿流体模型。推导了乳液层流中浓缩固体颗粒的机制，并推导了颗粒沉积速度的公式和对流动性的抗性。因此，对碎屑流的数值模拟变得可能发生了可能。对碎屑流之前和之后的地形变化的无聊调查以及对实际盆地中对策的有效性的检查提出了应对粘性碎屑流的原理。