Climate Change Response of Siberian Permafrost Studies on Effects to Cryosphere-Biosphere

西伯利亚多年冻土气候变化响应对冰冻圈-生物圈影响的研究

基本信息

批准号：
07041078
负责人：
FUKUDA Masami
金额：
$ 4.86万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Eastern Siberian Permafrost responses to the climate change actively as well as passively. The lareg scale ground ice in permafrost termed as Edoma locally contains highly concentrated Methane in it. In the process of thawin, Methane tends so emit to atmosphere resulting the future warming. The Genesis of Edoma was investigated based upon the ice analyzes and carbon dating. The results suggest that Edoma accumulated during the Karginsky Interstadial noted as between 40,000 yBP-23000 yBP.The process of accumulation is as syngenetic ice-wedge development under the environment of alternation of cold-dry and warm-humid periods during last Interstadial.Estimated flux of Methane from thawing Edoma is a magnitude of 10^9 g/year.Tundra environment is ideal source of Methane flux under anaerobic condition during summer time. On-the-spot measurements of Methane flux was made in lowland Kolymer River. Based upon the results, an empirical equation was yielded indicating the functional relation bet … More ween daily flux and degree-cm factors, which is termed as the production of the active layr thickness and the mean ground temperature. The other factors controlled the flux are the chemical composition of ground water and type of vegetation covered the wetland.Biological environment was also conducted as to reconstruct paleo-environment using Pollen analysis. The variety of species of plant was compared with those of Hokkaido. There are many common species were found indicating highly developed plan community over tundra environment. The wide distribution plan species may be resulted in the noncoverage of ice sheet in eastern Siberia during last Glacial Period.new species of Drosophilae were reported by biological group. The cold adaptation of small animals were categorized based upon the geographical distribution of Drosophilae.The forest fire of Taiga was evaluated as the one of the cause of warming due to the Carbon Dioxycide emission. Total carbon production of Taiga forest was estimated using the measurement of photosynsesis rate at the sites in Taiga near Yakutsk. Less

东西伯利亚永久冻土对气候变化做出了主动和被动的反应，被称为埃多玛的永久冻土中的大尺度地面冰中含有高浓度的甲烷，在融化过程中，甲烷往往会排放到大气中，从而导致未来的变暖。根据冰编译和碳测年对艾多玛的起源进行了研究，结果表明艾多玛在卡尔金斯基国际体育场期间积累了 40,000 年。 yBP-23000 yBP。堆积过程为末次洲间冷干暖湿交替环境下的同生冰楔发育。估计Edoma融化产生的甲烷通量为10^9 g/年。苔原环境是夏季厌氧条件下甲烷通量的理想来源。对低地的甲烷通量进行了现场测量。根据结果，得出了一个经验方程，表明日通量和度厘米因素之间的函数关系，称为活动层厚度和平均地面温度的产生。通量是地下水的化学成分和覆盖湿地的植被类型。还进行了生物环境分析，以利用花粉分析来重建古环境。植物种类与北海道的植物种类进行了比较。被发现表明计划高度发达苔原环境上的群落分布广泛，可能是由于末次冰河时期东西伯利亚没有被冰盖覆盖所致。果蝇的新物种是按生物类群报告的，根据地理分布对小动物的寒冷适应进行了分类。针叶林森林火灾被评估为二氧化碳排放导致变暖的原因之一，通过测量针叶林附近地点的光合作用速率来估算针叶林的总碳产量。雅库茨克。