Synthetic Study on the Techniques for Storage/Conveyance/Utilization of Cold Energy using Phase-Change Phenomena

利用相变现象综合研究冷能储存/输送/利用技术

基本信息

批准号：
06302037
负责人：
KUROSAKI Yasuo
金额：
$ 13.82万
依托单位：
TOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

It is known that the thermal storage system utilizing the phase-change phenomena is quite effective, but that the efficiency is reduced by the supercooling phenomenon occurring in the Phase-Change Materials (PCMs). At the same time, in order to supply the cold energy stored in PCMs, conveying technique should be settled since the cold is stored in frozen, i.e.solid, PCMs, which can not be easily moved. This study therefore dealt with the storage/conveyance techniques of cold as well as the phase-change phenomenon itself. At the same time, new applications of cold energy with phase-change phenomena, i.e., cooling of electronic devices and freezing preservation of organisms, were also examined. The results can be summarized as follows :(1) Liquid-to-solid Phase-change phenomenon including the supercooling was numerically examined by using molecular dynamics simulation method. From the simulation, thermal properties of supercooled water and the effect of electric field on the freezing pro … More bability of supercooled water were discussed.(2) Pneumatic conveying characteristics of the cold using bare-ice cubes were experimentally examined so as to compare the results with the ones of the system using ice enclosed in spherical capsules. The results showed that the cold loss during conveyance with bare-ices is larger than that in encapsuled case, but that the pumping power is little affected.(3) melting heat transfer of a brine-ice mixture flowing inside a horizontal tube was experimentally examined. From the results, it was obtained that the heat transfer coefficient in the downstream region increases with increase in flow velocity of the brine-ice mixture, and that the local heat transfer decreases with increasing the concentration of brine.(4) Heat transfer characteristics of the liquid-solid two-phase flow within micro-channels were examined so as to apply the heat transfer to the cooling of electronic devices. Heat transfer and pressure drop within a channel of 0.5-3mm height were measured, and the results were discussed from the viewpoint of heat transfer enhancement.(5) Freezing characteristics and osmotic pressure of a protoplast of wheat were experimentally examined, and the effects of ice-crystal generation within a cell on the damage to the cell were discussed from the microscale view point. Using the results, relation between the cooling rate and biological condition of the organic cells was obtained. Less

众所周知，利用相变现象的热储存系统非常有效，但是效率通过相变材料（PCMS）中发生的超冷却现象降低。同时，为了提供储存在PCM的冷能量，应将输送技术定居，因为冷储存在冷冻（即固体，pCM）中，这不容易移动。因此，这项研究涉及寒冷的存储/输送技术以及相变现象本身。同时，还检查了还检查了冷能量与相变现象的新应用，即电子设备的冷却和生物的冷冻保存。结果可以总结如下：（1）使用分子动力学模拟方法，基本上检查了包括超冷的液体之间的相位变化现象。从模拟中，讨论了超冷水的热性能以及电场对冰冻pro的影响……更多的超冷水能力。（2）在实验中检查了使用裸露的立方体的冷气传送特性的气动传送特性，以便将使用冰与系统的结果进行比较，以比较系统的结果。结果表明，裸露的运输过程中的冷损失大于封装的情况下的冷损，但是泵送功率几乎没有影响。（3）经过实验检查了流动在水平管内的盐水混合物的热传递。从结果中可以获得下游区域的传热系数随着盐水冰混合物的流速增加而增加，并且局部传热随着盐水的浓度的增加而降低。测量了0.5-3mm高度内的热传递和压降，并从热传递增强的角度讨论了结果。（5）冻结特征和小麦原生质体的渗透压和渗透压进行了实验检查，并讨论了细胞内部对细胞损伤的冰晶产生的影响。使用结果，获得了有机细胞的冷却速率和生物条件之间的关系。较少的