Paleoanthropological Research in Southern Ethiopia

埃塞俄比亚南部的古人类学研究

基本信息

批准号：
06041029
负责人：
SUWA Gen
金额：
$ 16.51万
依托单位：
University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06041029/
关键词：
human evolution East Africa Australopithecus early Homo biostratigraphy Acheulean アラストラロピテクス年代学

项目摘要

This project was primarily based on field and laboratory research in Ethiopia, with the aim of 1) recovering homnind, faunal and artifact remains from the early Pleistocene deposits of Konso, and 2) discussing their significance in the interpretation of hominid evolution and adaptation. In the 94 and 95 seasons, we have conducted 189 days of research, the results of which are summarized below.Geological work consisted of 1) establishing the chronostratigraphic framework of the study area, and 2) providing support to archeological excavations. In two field seasons, approximately 360 sections were logged, 300 tuff samples taken for laboratory comparisons, 15 tuff samples taken for Ar/Ar dating, and 32 samples (clay, calcite, diatomite) taken for preliminary paleoenvironmental evaluations. The fossiliferous early Pleistoene sequence is over 200 meters thick, with at least 26 different tuffs occurring within the combined section. We have preliminary Ar/Ar dates ranging from 1.3 to 1.9 myr.Paleontological collecting were undertaken primarily at 7 of the 17 localities defined by the project. Over 4000 identifiable specimens were recovered, including 7 hominid specimens. Eight orders, 21 families and at least 34 genera are represented in the mammalian assemblage. These faunal remains can mostly be allocated to 3 stratigraphic zones. The assemblage from the lower strata contains archaic species known from around 2 myr, while the mid to upper levels yield taxa characteristic of East African sites of circa 1.5 myr. Further biochronological analysis is forthcoming.Archeological excavations were conducted at KGA4, KGA8 and KGA10. Excavations at KGA10 focussed on sampling multiple locations of a single horizon in a landscape approach. Excavations at KGA4 and KGA8 were intended to expose rich early Acheulean assemblages. Both activities will be continued to further obtain primary data relevant to the understanding of early hominid behavior.

该项目主要基于埃塞俄比亚的现场和实验室研究，其目的是1）恢复霍姆尼因德，动物和人工制品的遗体仍然来自Konso的早期更新世矿床，以及2）讨论它们在解释同性进化和适应的意义。在94个和95个季节中，我们进行了189天的研究，其结果总结了下面。地质工作包括1）建立研究区域的年度地层学框架，以及2）为考古发掘提供支持。在两个田间季节中，记录了大约360个部分，进行300个凝灰岩样品进行实验室比较，15个用于AR/AR约会的凝灰岩样品，以及32个样品（粘土，方解石，硅藻土）进行初步古环境评估。化石早期的吡啶烯序列厚度超过200米，在组合部分中至少发生了至少26种不同的凝灰岩。我们的初步AR/AR日期范围为1.3至1.9，主要是在该项目定义的17个地区中的7个。回收了超过4000个可识别的标本，包括7个原始标本。哺乳动物组合中有8个命令，21个家庭和至少34属。这些动物遗骸主要可以分配给3个地层区域。较低地层的组合包含大约2 Myr已知的古细菌，而中层到高层则产生了大约1.5 Myr东非地点的分类单元特征。即将进行进一步的生物课程分析。在KGA4，KGA8和KGA10进行了构造发掘。 KGA10的发掘集中在景观方法中采样单个地平线的多个位置。 KGA4和KGA8的发掘旨在揭示丰富的早期Acheulean组合。这两种活动都将继续进一步获得与对早期人类行为的理解有关的主要数据。