Next Generation Smart-Grid Enabled Electric Vehicle Chargers

下一代智能电网电动汽车充电器

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04640
• 负责人: Eberle, Wilson
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=761754
• 关键词: Next; Generation; Smart; Grid; Enabled

On the electrical distribution system (i.e. within city limits), solar photovoltaic is now the dominant renewable energy source, however it's supply characteristic is highly intermittent due to varied irradiant sun and shading conditions. In addition, electric vehicles, plugged into the distribution system when charging, also present highly variable loads. Ultimately, the role of the electrical utilities is to provide regulated voltage at regulated AC frequency for all load demand conditions from users. The intermittency of renewable power, and variability of electric vehicle charging demands can present problems for the electric utilities in meeting their requirements to users. Smart-grid technologies, including load management and reactive power management are potential techniques that utilities can deploy to ensure reliable power delivery in terms of voltage regulation. In particular, reactive power compensation to the electrical distribution system using electric vehicle chargers is a novel and potentially extremely low cost and effective method to regulate the distribution grid voltage. In order to achieve this goal, novel electric vehicle charging technologies, including charger power architectures and control strategies need to be developed. The objectives of the proposed research program are to demonstrate novel AC-DC electric vehicle battery charging technologies featuring reactive power injection for smart-grid electrical distributions systems. The work will be at power levels at and exceeding 3.3 kilowatts. The program will target projects in three key areas: i) Novel digital control strategies will be developed to minimize distortion, as in traditional power factor correction, but also enable variable phase shift input to allow reactive power to be injected to the electrical grid. ii) A novel compact and high efficiency bi-directional battery charging architecture will be developed for an in vehicle charger. iii) A novel compact and high efficiency bi-directional battery charging architecture will be developed for an off board fast charger. The long term objective of this research program is to develop novel technologies that enable electric vehicle battery chargers to increase capacity on the electrical distribution system for both renewable energy generation and the number of electric vehicles without requiring costly system upgrades.

在配电系统上（即在城市范围内），太阳能光伏发电现在是主要的可再生能源，但由于阳光照射和遮阳条件的变化，其供电特性具有高度间歇性。此外，电动汽车在充电时插入配电系统，也会产生高度可变的负载。最终，电力公司的作用是为用户的所有负载需求条件提供调节交流频率的调节电压。可再生能源的间歇性和电动汽车充电需求的变化可能会给电力公司满足用户的需求带来问题。智能电网技术，包括负载管理和无功功率管理，是公用事业公司可以部署的潜在技术，以确保电压调节方面的可靠电力输送。特别是，使用电动汽车充电器对配电系统进行无功功率补偿是一种新颖且可能成本极低且有效的调节配电网电压的方法。为了实现这一目标，需要开发新型电动汽车充电技术，包括充电器电源架构和控制策略。拟议研究计划的目标是展示新型交流-直流电动汽车电池充电技术，该技术具有针对智能电网配电系统的无功功率注入功能。该工程的功率水平将达到或超过 3.3 千瓦。该计划将针对三个关键领域的项目：i）将开发新颖的数字控制策略，以最大限度地减少失真，如传统的功率因数校正，但也启用可变相移输入，以允许将无功功率注入电网。 ii) 将为车载充电器开发一种新颖的紧凑型高效双向电池充电架构。 iii) 将为非车载快速充电器开发一种新颖的紧凑型高效双向电池充电架构。该研究计划的长期目标是开发新技术，使电动汽车电池充电器能够增加可再生能源发电和电动汽车数量的配电系统容量，而无需进行昂贵的系统升级。