DEVELOPMENT OF FUNCTIONALLY GRADIENT DENTAL MATERIALS FOR CLINICAL USE

开发临床使用的功能梯度牙科材料

基本信息

批准号：
05557087
负责人：
WATARI Fumio
金额：
$ 7.94万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05557087/
关键词：
Functionally gradient materials Implant Biobompatibility Atomic force microscopy In situ observation Mechanical properties Titanium Apatite 歯科用インプラント人工歯根 CIP

项目摘要

To apply functionally gradient materials (FGM) for dentistry and develop for clinical use the functionally gradient dental implants composed of the metal titanium (Ti) and ceramics hydroxyapatite (HAP) were made and tested. HAP,which has the excellent biocompatibility with bone, is brittle and easily results in fracture in the ptactical use. Ti, one of the best biocompatible metals, can maintain the mechanical toughness. The implant was designed to provide more Ti for the upper part where the occlusal force is directly imposed and more HAP for the lower part which is implanted in side the jawbone. After the fundamental research of preparation method, choice of materials, mechanical test and microanalysis, animal test was done to estimate the biocompatibility. The in-situ observation of change of surface morphology of human enamel and dentin immersed in etching agents was also done using atomic force microscopy. The principal accomplishments were as follows ;1.Preparation : Mixed powders with the different composition packed from part to part into the silicon rubber mold were compressed at the pressure 400MPa by CIP.The compact was sintere in the argon gas by high frequency induction heating at 1300ﾟC.2.Mechanical Properties : The compressive and flexural tests were done. The average flexural strength of the FGM specimens was 150 MPa which is approximately comparative to the human bone strength.3.Observation & Analysis : The surface and cross-section observed by optical and electron microscopy showed the distribution of porosity and HAP in the Ti matrix. The gradual change of concentration was confirmed by the analysis of elemental distribution using EPMA.4.Biocompatibility : The implant test into the femora of rats was done to estimate the biocompatibility. Newly formed bone was partially in contact with the implant in the case of Ti, wheras in the Ti/HAP FGM new bone was in contact with the most part of the implant.

为了将功能梯度材料（FGM）应用于牙科并开发临床使用，制备并测试了由金属钛（Ti）和陶瓷羟基磷灰石（HAP）组成的功能梯度牙种植体，该种植体与骨具有良好的生物相容性。钛是生物相容性最好的金属之一，易碎，在实际使用中容易导致骨折，其设计目的是为植入物的上部提供更多的钛。直接施加咬合力，并在颌骨侧面植入更多的HAP。经过制备方法、材料选择、力学测试和显微分析的基础研究，进行了动物试验以评估原位生物相容性。利用原子力显微镜观察了浸入酸蚀剂中的人体牙釉质和牙本质的表面形态变化，主要成果如下： 1.制备：不同成分的混合粉末。将各部分放入硅橡胶模具中，采用CIP在400MPa的压力下进行压制。压坯在氩气中通过高频感应加热在1300℃下烧结。2.机械性能：进行了压缩和弯曲测试。 FGM标本的平均弯曲强度为150 MPa，大约与人骨强度相当。3.观察与分析：通过FGM观察到的表面和横截面光学和电子显微镜显示Ti基质中的孔隙率和HAP的分布。通过使用EPMA分析元素分布证实浓度的逐渐变化。4.生物相容性：进行大鼠股骨的植入测试以评估生物相容性。在 Ti 的情况下，新形成的骨部分与种植体接触，而在 Ti/HAP FGM 中，新骨与种植体的大部分接触。