Design and Development of Highly Efficient High DC Voltage Inverters for Medium- to High-Power Distributed Energy Source

中高功率分布式能源高效高直流电压逆变器的设计与开发

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-05382
• 负责人: Bakhshai, Alireza
• 金额: $ 2.84万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=752029
• 关键词: Design; Development; Highly; Efficient; DC

Renewables are rapidly replacing the fossil-fuel energies due to growing concerns about security, operation costs, sustainability, and environmental issues of power supplies. Canada is a world leader in the production and use of energy from renewable resources. Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) are currently supplying about 19% of Canada's total primary energy. The federal government has committed to the realizing net-zero Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission power sources by 2050. In the ever-evolving RES industry, trends for hardware developers have been in one direction: More power at lower cost. A great number of very large multi-national solar competitors attempt to eke out gains in efficiency, power, and reduced costs - each of which is directly associated with the desired end result of higher returns for system owners. The most impactful of these three happens to be an increase in power, since the industry relies primarily on measures of "Cost per Watt", along with less direct measures of bankability, reliability, and service. Marginal gains on this front are directly related to the conversion topology, limits of semiconductors, and cooling capabilities and ancillary systems. One approach enabling the efficient connection of greater Photovoltaic (PV) arrays to one inverter is to increase the inverter's Direct Current (DC) link bus voltage. However, achieving this concept evolution requires the development of newer and innovative circuit topologies and switching schemes that can allow the use of new semiconductor switching devices at a higher DC bus voltage. Today, Medium-Voltage (MV) high-power DC/AC grid-tie inverters are the trend for high power RES systems. Such grid-tie inverters must be capable of handling bi-directional current flow to enable the charging of energy storage devices, a feature quickly becoming more relevant as grid operators look for solutions to keep centralized power generators dynamically connected. The proposed program focuses on how to achieve these higher levels of power capacity, while also addressing some of the more tangential issues along the way. The selected technology will take into consideration the capability and cost of next generation semiconductors such as Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Gallium Nitride (GaN), the most optimal bridge design, and its ability to provide advanced grid integration functions. The developed technologies are expected to be utilized by the industry to enhance the performance of their products, reduce the manufacturing cost, and increase the productivity, making contributions to the Canada's economic growth. The proposed program involves 5 doctoral and 3 master's students over five years. The participating students will acquire broader industry-relevant and industry-based skills in advanced computer aided design of power electronics circuits, power electronics simulation tools, PCB design, FPGA based digital control techniques, experimentation, and proof-of-concept prototype building.

由于人们对电源安全、运营成本、可持续性和环境问题的日益关注，可再生能源正在迅速取代化石燃料能源。加拿大在生产和使用可再生资源能源方面处于世界领先地位。可再生能源 (RES) 目前供应加拿大一次能源总量的约 19%。联邦政府承诺到 2050 年实现温室气体 (GHG) 净零排放。在不断发展的 RES 行业中，硬件开发商的趋势一直朝着一个方向：以更低的成本提供更多电力。许多大型跨国太阳能竞争对手试图在效率、电力和降低成本方面取得收益——每一项都与系统所有者获得更高回报的预期最终结果直接相关。这三者中影响最大的恰好是功率的增加，因为该行业主要依赖于“每瓦成本”的衡量标准，以及不太直接的可融资性、可靠性和服务衡量标准。这方面的边际收益与转换拓扑、半导体限制以及冷却能力和辅助系统直接相关。一种能够将更大的光伏 (PV) 阵列有效连接到一台逆变器的方法是增加逆变器的直流 (DC) 链路总线电压。然而，实现这一概念的演变需要开发更新和创新的电路拓扑和开关方案，以允许在更高的直流总线电压下使用新的半导体开关器件。如今，中压 (MV) 高功率 DC/AC 并网逆变器是高功率 RES 系统的发展趋势。这种并网逆变器必须能够处理双向电流，以便为储能设备充电，随着电网运营商寻求保持集中式发电机动态连接的解决方案，这一功能很快变得更加重要。拟议的计划重点关注如何实现更高水平的电力容量，同时解决一些更无关紧要的问题。所选技术将考虑碳化硅（SiC）和氮化镓（GaN）等下一代半导体的性能和成本、最优化的电桥设计及其提供先进电网集成功能的能力。所开发的技术有望被业界利用，提高产品性能、降低制造成本、提高生产率，为加拿大经济增长做出贡献。拟议的项目涉及 5 名博士生和 3 名硕士生，为期五年。参与的学生将在电力电子电路的高级计算机辅助设计、电力电子仿真工具、PCB 设计、基于 FPGA 的数字控制技术、实验和概念验证原型构建方面获得更广泛的行业相关和基于行业的技能。