Development of Secondary Batteries by suing Graphite Intercalation Compounds

利用石墨层间化合物开发二次电池

基本信息

批准号：
01850178
负责人：
INAGAKI Michio
金额：
$ 3.9万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University (1990)Toyohashi University of Technology (1989)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01850178/
关键词：
Graphite Intercalation Compounds Secondary Battery Intercalation Acceptor-type Donor-type Electrochemistry

项目摘要

The purpose of the present research project is to understand the basic electrochemical reactions on graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) which have high activity by keeping electrochemicall active materials in the gallery of graphite structure and also have high electrical conductivity.1. Development of secondary batteries with acceptor-type GICs.Ternary Ni (OH) _2-Fe (OH) _3 and Ni (OH) _2-Cu (OH) _2-GICs were prepared from corresponding metal chlorides-GICs by electrolysis in KOH aqueous solution. A secondary battery by using Ni (OH) _2-GICs as cathode showed excellent performance of charging and discharging processes. The activation energy for the discharging process in these ternary GICs was determined to be about 2 kcal/mol, which was roughly half of that in a conventional electrode of a mixture of Ni (OH) _2 and graphite powders. This low value of activation energy was supposed to make the discharge with large current density possible.The formation of bromine-GICs was found by … More anodic oxidation of host graphite in KBr aqueous solution. On the process of reduction, two potential plateaux were observed, which seemed to correspond to stage transformation processes during de-intercalation. This suggests a new possibility to develop a secondary battery with simple construction.2. Fundamental studies on the development of secondary batteries with donor-type GICs.Electrochemical intercalation and de-intercalation of alkali metal ions (Li^+, Na^+, K^+ and Rb^+) were studied by cyclic voltammetry. Well-defined intercalation and de-intercalation processes were detected and the stage-2 GICs with respective alkali metal ions were obtained by electrochemical intercalation. From the changes of electrode potential with time, K-GIC was suggested to have low degree of self discharging.Potassium-GICs could absorb large amount of gases, such as hydrogen, ammonia, tetrahydrofuran, benzene, etc. The changes of electrical conductivity, magnetoresistance and Hall coefficient of the K-GICs with the absorption of these gases were studied in-situ. A back-donnation of conduction electrons from graphite to intercalate layers were observed by the absorption of ammonia. Less

本研究项目的目的是了解石墨插入化合物（GIC）的基本电化学反应，这些反应通过将电化学活性材料保存在石墨结构的画廊中，并且具有高电导率1。使用受体型GICS的二级电池开发。TernaryNi（OH）_2-FE（OH）_3和Ni（OH）_2-CU（OH）_2-GIC是通过koh水溶液中的电解从相应的金属氯化物中制备的。通过使用Ni（OH）_2-GIC作为阴极的二次电池，表现出充电和放电过程的出色性能。这些三元GIC中放电过程的活化能确定为约2 kcal/mol，这是Ni（OH）_2和石墨粉的常规电极中的一半。预计活化能的这种低值将使电流密度较大的排放可能使溴化物的形成。在还原过程中，观察到两个潜在的高原，这似乎对应于解相距期间的阶段转化过程。这暗示了开发具有简单结构的次级电池的新可能性。2。通过环状伏安法研究了有关供体型GICS的二级电池开发的基础研究。检测到明确定义的插入和去隔离过程，并通过电化学插入获得了具有相对碱金属离子的2期GIC。从随着时间的推移电势的变化来看，K-GIC的自我排放程度较低。potassium-gics可以吸收大量的气体，例如氢，氨，氨，四氢呋喃，苯等。电导率，磁阻塞性，磁场抗药性和HALL的变化对这些天然气的吸引力很重要。通过氨的抽象观察到了从石墨到间层间层的传导电子的反向降低。