Development of New Electrical Resistivity Method for Soil Survey

土壤测量新电阻率方法的开发

基本信息

批准号：
63860030
负责人：
NAGAHORI Kinzo
金额：
$ 5.57万
依托单位：
Okayama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A method to investigate the geological formation structure by measuring and analyzing earth electrical resistivity has been known well as the specific resistivity method. Now it is the most important method for underground sensing technology as well as the artificial seismic method. Recently they are also progressing more rapidly corresponding to development of computer technology, mew sensors and many measurement instruments. In this research we try to apply these techniques to soil survey and to develop a new method for it. The outline is as follows.1. Soil electric resistivity varies, closely related with physical and chemical characteristic of soil. First, relations between electric resistivity of soil, pore structure, grain size, physio-chemical properties of mineral surface, and soil structure (dispersion and aggregation system) are investigated and discussed. Then, it is concluded that the electrical resistivity would be very useful index in soil survey.2. Wenner Method and Shulunberger Method are generally applied to measure and analyze the earth electric resistivity. These methods require much experiences in analysis of observed apparent resistivity, and personal error is tend to be included depending on skill of analyst. Then, the new method is developed to analyze observed data automatically excluding human factor as possible.3. As conventional methods are generally applied to the geological survey, the objective geological formation is deep. But in soil survey the objective soil strata are relatively sallow on the contrary, and it is important to survey in wide horizontal extent. Under consideration of these conditions, a new method for soil survey using the electric potential distribution in place of electric current in conventional method is developed.4. The new method and conventional ones are compared and evaluated in field application test. Characteristics of these methods are discussed.

一种通过测量和分析地质形成结构的方法是特定的电阻率法。现在，它是地下传感技术以及人造地震方法的最重要方法。最近，它们也更快地对应于计算机技术，MEW传感器和许多测量仪器的开发。在这项研究中，我们试图将这些技术应用于土壤调查，并为其开发一种新方法。大纲如下1。土壤电阻率各不相同，与土壤的物理和化学特征密切相关。首先，研究和讨论了土壤的电阻率，孔结构，谷物尺寸，矿物表面的生理化学特性以及土壤结构（分散和聚集系统）之间的关系。然后，得出结论，在土壤调查中，电阻率将是非常有用的指数。2。 Wenner方法和Shulunberger方法通常用于测量和分析地球电阻率。这些方法需要大量的经验来分析观察到的明显电阻率，并且根据分析师的技能，倾向于包括个人错误。然后，开发了新方法来分析观察到的数据自动排除人为因素3。由于通常将常规方法应用于地质调查，因此客观地质形成是深层的。但是在土壤调查中，客观土壤地层相反，相反，重要的是在广泛的水平范围内进行调查。在考虑这些条件下，开发了一种新的土壤调查方法，使用电势分布代替常规方法中的电流。4。在现场申请测试中比较和评估了新方法和常规方法。讨论了这些方法的特征。