Antimicrobial resistance genes in bioaerosols in Canadian arctic, rural, and urban environments: sources, profiles, transport and fate

加拿大北极、农村和城市环境中生物气溶胶中的抗菌素耐药性基因：来源、概况、运输和归宿

• 批准号: 539024-2019
• 负责人: Duchaine, Caroline
• 金额: $ 72.85万
• 依托单位: Université Laval
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Frontiers - Antimicrobial Resistance
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=720635
• 关键词: Antimicrobial; resistance; genes; bioaerosols; Canadian

Humans, through many of their activities, have been selecting and amplifying bacteria that carry genes for antibiotic resistance. Bioaerosols are understudied as reservoirs and propagation sources of antibiotic resistant microbes. Bioaerosols are defined by airborne particles of biological origin. They are found everywhere, emitted from natural and man-made sources such as agriculture, water, plants and industrial activities. Air can lead to long distance transmission of biological agents and potential impact of human activities on spreading of antimicrobial resistance through the air must be better understood to fill appropriate risk and prevention models. Various sampling strategies will be deployed across the country to survey and map Canada's air contamination in various sites (urban, rural, arctic) thanks to an international team. Long distance transport and high atmosphere antimicrobial resistance content will be addressed. The samples collected will be used to evaluate health risks and gene transfer potential. In Canada, we have the opportunity to study ARG dissemination on an East-West axis, a North-South axis, as well as on a vertical axis (high troposphere and clouds), including four out of five Koppen climate types (dry, temperate, continental, polar). This project will thus address long-distance transport of ARG through sampling in the Far North of Canada and in the high atmosphere, overseas and through diverses urban and rural activities. The proposed program will fill huge gaps in the understanding of the spreading and exposure of antimicrobial resistance through bioaerosols in Canada. An important outcome will be to add bio aerosols in risk assessment models and develop projects to determine appropriate mitigation and attenuation measure in key areas. This program will generate a cohort of HQP with pioneer experience in ARG and bioaerosol, a unique profile of great value for Canada. This research program has the power to transform, to change paradigms by including the "air" in ARG exposure and risk models andprediction, to develop new research disciplines, to have spin-offs in Canada and internationally by exporting expertise to other man-made and natural activities and describe their ARG contribution.

人类通过许多活动，一直在选择和扩增携带抗生素抗性基因的细菌。生物气溶胶作为抗生素抗性微生物的储存库和繁殖源正在得到充分研究。生物气溶胶是指空气中的生物来源颗粒。它们随处可见，由农业、水、植物和工业活动等自然和人造来源排放。空气可能导致生物制剂的长距离传播，必须更好地了解人类活动对通过空气传播抗菌药物耐药性的潜在影响，以填充适当的风险和预防模型。国际团队将在全国范围内部署各种采样策略，以调查和绘制加拿大各个地点（城市、农村、北极）的空气污染情况。长距离运输和高大气抗菌素耐药性内容将得到解决。收集的样本将用于评估健康风险和基因转移潜力。在加拿大，我们有机会研究 ARG 在东西轴、南北轴以及垂直轴（高对流层和云）上的传播，包括五种 Koppen 气候类型中的四种（干燥、温带） ，大陆，极地）。因此，该项目将通过在加拿大远北地区、高层大气、海外采样以及通过各种城乡活动来解决 ARG 的长距离运输问题。拟议的计划将填补加拿大对通过生物气溶胶传播和暴露抗菌药物耐药性的理解方面的巨大空白。一个重要的成果将是在风险评估模型中添加生物气溶胶，并开发项目以确定关键领域适当的缓解和衰减措施。该计划将培养一批在 ARG 和生物气雾剂领域具有先锋经验的 HQP，这对加拿大具有巨大价值的独特特征。该研究计划有能力通过将“空气”纳入 ARG 暴露、风险模型和预测来改变范式，开发新的研究学科，通过向其他人造和生物领域输出专业知识，在加拿大和国际上产生副产品。自然活动并描述其 ARG 贡献。