A Documentary Study of Hellenistic Atomism.

希腊化原子论的文献研究。

• 批准号: 63510006
• 负责人: NISHIKAWA Akira
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: Hiroshima University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1988 至 1990
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63510006/
• 关键词: Atomism; Anima. Animus; Psyche; Pneuma; Democritus; Epicurus; プシュケ-; プネウマ; プシュケ-(魂); 規準論; パレンクリシス; アトモス

The aim of this study is to examine positively the Greek-Roman atomism in hellenistic period by virtue of documentary records, especially on the views which Epicurus and some philosophers in these days entertained. Particularly I consider Epicurus opinion on soul, because I am concerned with the problem of the constituent elements of soul.In Epicurus' letter to Herodotus (D. L. X. 63), he is supposed to say that soul is composed of three kinds of coporeal particles, namely those resembling breath ( pneuma ), those resembling heat and the third particles. But according to Lucretus. Plutarch and Aetius, Epicurus maintained that soul consists of heat, breath (or wind), air ( aer ) and a nameless something.I first examine the functions of each part of souls, especially the working of sensation, in order to solve the problem whether or not Epicurus added the air as a component to three other particles.And then I inquire how he used air in his letters. So I presume that he used it more carefully in relation to the theory of sensation in his letter to Herodotus, because he referred to air in some passages where he refuted Democritus theory of the idols that the intervening air served the purpose of a medium in vision and hearing. I consider that did not use it to avoid confusion.Finally I conclude that Epicurus held perhaps three kinds of particles in souls except air, because the breath involves the nature of air in itself and air bringing calmness to souls will impede their essential mobility.

这项研究的目的是通过纪录片记录在希腊时期积极检查希腊 - 罗马原子主义，尤其是在当今伊壁鸠鲁和一些哲学家所娱乐的观点上。特别是我考虑对灵魂的意见，因为我关注灵魂的组成元素的问题。那些类似呼吸的人（肺炎），类似于热量和第三个颗粒。但是根据卢克勒斯（Lucretus）的说法。 Epicurus Plutarch和Aetius坚持认为灵魂由热，呼吸（或风），空气（AER）和无名的东西组成。不管Epicurus是否将空气作为其他三个粒子的组成部分增加。然后我询问他是如何在字母中使用空气的。因此，我假设他在给希罗多德的信中更仔细地使用了与感觉理论有关的，因为他在某些段落中提到了空气，在某些段落中，他驳斥了民主党理论的偶像理论，即介入的空气介入了媒介的目的和听力。我认为这没有用它来避免混乱。我得出的结论是，伊壁鸠鲁在空气以外的灵魂中占据了三种颗粒，因为呼吸本身涉及空气的本质，而空气为灵魂带来平静会阻碍其基本的流动性。