Studies on the Mechanisms of Rubber Friction on Roads Covered with Snow and Ice

冰雪路面橡胶摩擦机理研究

• 批准号: 62550648
• 负责人: UCHIYAMA Yoshitaka
• 金额: $ 1.15万
• 依托单位: Kanazawa University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1987 至 1988
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62550648/
• 关键词: Rubber friction on ice; Tribology of ice; Friction coefficient; Temperature adaptable studded snow tire; Studless tire; Contact pressure; Shear strength; ゴム材質; ゴムの氷上摩擦; 摩擦速度; トライボロジー; ゴムの硬さと摩擦; 氷のトライボロジ

The friction coefficient of rubber on ice is very low around 0 C. Tt is important problems for motorcars. To increase the friction coefficient aroud 0 C, studded tires utilizing the ploughing term of the friction have used. These studded tires damage road surfaces. Therefore it is desirable to reduce the road damage. A temperature adaptable studded snow tire has been developed and the frictional properties were examined on dry concrete surfaces and ice surfaces. A sheet of a temperature adaptable rubber was attached to the base of a spike pin. The operating force of the stud below 0 C is larger than that above 0 C. When used the temperature adaptable studded snow tire, the demage of road surface is minimized.Recently production of studded tire is going to forbit in Japan. Studies on the rubber friction on ice are important as a fundamental research.When rubbers were rubbed against ice, the effects of temperature, silding speed and base polymer were examined. The results obtained were as follows:(1) The effects of temperature and contact pressure on the friction coefficient of rubber on ice. The friction coefficients of rubber specimens were high at -20 C and -15 C. At -10 C the friction coefficients drastically decreased and they showed low values about 0.2 at the temperature range from -5 C to 0 C. The coefficient of friction decreased with increasing the contact pressure. The friction coefficient of a natural rubber vulcanizate under 0.8 MPA was half value compared to that under 0.2 MPA.(2) The influence of base polymer on the friction coefficient of rubber on ice. Natural rubber showed two times high friction coefficient at the temperature from -20 C to -15 C compared to butadiene rubber. However the difference of the two rubbers were not distinguished at the temperature range from -5 C to 0 C and they showed low value. The difference of the coefficient seems to be originated from the difference of their shear strengths at the contact area.

冰上在冰上的摩擦系数在0 C左右很低。TT对于汽车来说是重要的问题。为了增加摩擦系数的0C摩擦系数，使用了摩擦项的螺柱轮胎。这些螺柱轮胎会损坏道路表面。因此，希望减少道路损坏。已经开发了温度适应的螺柱雪轮，并在干燥的混凝土表面和冰面上检查了摩擦特性。一张温度适应性橡胶的底部连接到尖峰销的底部。螺柱低于0 C的工作力量大于0 C以上的螺柱。当使用温度适应性螺柱雪轮时，道路表面的衰减被最小化。螺柱轮胎的生产将在日本进行。冰上橡胶摩擦的研究非常重要，因为一项基本研究。当橡胶擦在冰上时，请检查温度，隔离速度和基础聚合物的影响。所获得的结果如下：（1）温度和接触压力对橡胶在冰上的摩擦系数的影响。橡胶样品的摩擦系数在-20 c和-15 c时高。 -10 C时摩擦系数急剧下降，在温度范围内显示出-5 c至0的较低值约为0.2。摩擦系数随着接触压力的增加而降低。与0.2 MPa相比，自然橡胶硫酸盐的摩擦系数为0.8 MPa的值是一半。（2）碱基聚合物对橡胶在冰上的摩擦系数的影响。与丁二烯橡胶相比，天然橡胶在温度从-20 c至-15 c的温度上显示出两倍的摩擦系数。但是，在-5 c至0 c的温度范围内没有区分两个橡胶的差异，它们显示出较低的值。系数的差异似乎源于它们在接触区域的剪切强度的差异。