Studies on Function and its Disorder of the Frontal Association Cortex

额叶联合皮层功能及其紊乱的研究

基本信息

批准号：
62440024
负责人：
SASAKI Kazuo
金额：
$ 14.27万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62440024/
关键词：
frontal association cortex cortical field potential visually initiated movement color discrimination task event-related potential monkey human 大脳皮質フィールド電位視覚始動性運動

项目摘要

We investigated function of the frontal association cortex and its disorder in monkeys, and then in humans on the basis of data obtained by monkey experiments. The results will be summarized in two main topics as follows.1. The frontal association cortex for decision (judgment) and suppressor action A monkey was tasked with go/no-go reaction-time hand movement with discrimination between two different color light stimuli. Visual stimulus of a color was accompanied by reward when the monkey lifted a lever by its hand within 500 ms duration of the stimulus, whereas that of another color was not. When the monkey gradually ceased in responding to the latter (no-go) stimulus, a potential appeared and developed in the prefrontal cortex of both hemispheres, specifically to the no-go stimulus, called 'no-go potential'. The potential is composed of surface-negative, depth-positive (s-N, d-P) deflections at a latency of 85-150 ms and localized in the dorsal bank of the principal sulcus and the r … More ostroventral corner of the prefrontal cortex. Modes of appearance and development of the potential suggest that the activity of the cortical loci is related to decision or judgment not to move and to subsequent suppression of the go reaction. The suppressor action was substantiated by stimulation experiment of the cortical loci.2. The frontal association cortex for expectancy of coming stimulus and mental concentration We gave warning-imperative stimuli with a fixed time interval (e. g. ls) to a monkey so that it could lift a lever immediately after the onset of imperative stimulus. In fact, the monkey, after enough trained, moved at very short latencies. Following initial visual evoked potentials on the warning stimulus, s-N, d-P sustained slow potentials toward the imperative stimulus were recorded in wide areas of the prefrontal and premotor cortices in both hemispheres. The short latency movement was scarcely in fluenced by cerebellar hemispherectomy ipsilateral to the moving hand, which was quite different from the case of simple reaction-time hand movement. This may imply that the sustained activity of the frontal association cortex on the warning-imperative stimulus can overcome cerebellar deficiency to some extent.3. Studies in human subjects No-go potential was recorded also from the human scalp on the same go/no-go task. It spreads over the frontal part of scalp widely with the maximum at the vertex (Fz). The warning-imperative stimulus induces contingent negative variation (CNV) on the human scalp. Sustained activities of the frontal association cortex must be related to mental concentration on the coming stimulus. Less

我们在猴子实验中研究了额叶联合皮层的功能及其紊乱，然后根据猴子实验获得的数据对人类进行了研究。结果可概括为以下两个主题： 1．额叶联合皮层的决策（判断）。）和抑制动作猴子的任务是进行“走/不走”反应时间手部运动，并区分两种不同颜色的光刺激，当猴子在 500 毫秒内用手举起杠杆时，会得到奖励。的刺激，而另一种颜色的则不然，当猴子逐渐停止对后一种（禁止）刺激做出反应时，两个半球的前额皮质就会出现并发展出一种电位，特别是针对禁止刺激，称为“禁止”。电位由潜伏期为 85-150 毫秒的表面负向、深度正向 (s-N、d-P) 偏转组成，位于主沟和 r 的背侧银行……更多前额皮质的腹侧角的出现和电位的发展模式表明，皮质位点的活动与不移动的决定或判断以及随后的 go 反应的抑制有关。 2. 额叶关联皮层对即将到来的刺激的预期和精神集中事实上，经过足够的训练后，猴子在警告刺激下的初始视觉诱发电位发生了非常短的潜伏期，在前额叶和前额叶的大范围区域记录了朝向命令性刺激的 s-N、d-P 持续缓慢电位。两个半球的运动前皮层的短潜伏期运动几乎不受运动手同侧小脑半球切除的影响，这与简单反应时手的情况有很大不同。这可能意味着额叶联合皮层在警告命令性刺激上的持续活动可以在一定程度上克服小脑缺陷。3.在人类受试者中的研究中也记录了同一去/中的人类头皮的不去电位。它广泛分布在头皮的额叶部分，在顶点（Fz）处达到最大值。警告命令性刺激会引起人类头皮的偶然负变化（CNV）。相关于精神集中于即将到来的刺激。