Characterizing Microplastics and Microfibres using micro-FTIR

使用微型 FTIR 表征微塑料和微纤维

• 批准号: RTI-2020-00603
• 负责人: Diamond, Miriam
• 金额: $ 10.85万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=693649
• 关键词: Characterizing; Microplastics; Microfibres; using; micro

Microplastics and microfibres (together as microparticles) contaminate every environmental compartment from the poles to the equator, with exposure and the potential to cause adverse effects to animal populations, including humans. Microparticles constitute a diverse range of contaminants that are sufficiently persistent to undergo long range transport. Canada led the G7 countries to develop the Ocean Plastics Charter and has developed a Plastic Science Agenda (CaPSA) that prioritizes the detection, quantification and characterization of plastics in the environment. Our funded and proposed research aims to contribute to these CaPSA priorities by advancing the detection, quantification and characterization of microparticles in the Canadian environment, and to understand their transport from source to sink. Ultimately, our goal is to contribute the science needed to develop defensible strategies to reduce inputs and harm posed by microparticles in the environment. ******Achieving our research goals depends on reliable access to analytical instrumentation capable of identifying the chemical(s) in each microparticle; this is necessary since chemical composition, and hence source, vary widely. We have the opportunity to adapt for microparticle identification, an existing, “high end” micro-FTIR, previously used for mineral identification. This retrofitting requires purchasing new hardware and software to enable its use for microparticle identification. We are also asking to purchase a laminar flow cabinet needed for the “clean” processing of samples.******Our equipment request is essential for meeting our obligations with funded and proposed projects. These projects include: (1) investigating “sink” environments that extend from southern Ontario and Lake Winnipeg to the Arctic by characterizing microparticles in water and sediment (funded by Univ of Toronto, Northern Contaminants Program, in-kind support from Ontario's Ministry of Environment, Conservation and Parks (MECP); (2) characterizing sources, notably clothes laundering (funded by Environment and Climate Change Canada); (3) studying pathways of atmospheric transport (Health Canada), urban storm- and wastewater transport (Univ of Toronto; Dept of Fisheries and Oceans Canada); surface water transport (MECP); and (4) developing reliable, rapid and cost-effective methods for sampling, sample handling and identification (all funding sources).We have engaged 18 undergraduates, 3 MSc, 2 PhD and 1 post-doctoral fellow to date and have new funding for 2 additional PhD and 3 MSc students plus a minimum of 5 undergraduates per year. The skills gained by these students make them highly competitive for employment in this fast-growing field. However, all this work hinges on our ability to chemically characterize our samples that need to be handled under clean conditions, which motivates this funding application.**

微塑料和微纤维（统称为微粒）污染了从两极到赤道的每一个环境区域，接触它们并可能对包括人类在内的动物种群造成不利影响。微粒构成了多种污染物，这些污染物的持久性足以承受长距离的影响。加拿大领导七国集团国家制定了《海洋塑料宪章》，并制定了《塑料科学议程》(CaPSA)，优先考虑环境中塑料的检测、量化和表征。资助和拟议的研究旨在通过推进加拿大环境中微粒的检测、量化和表征，并了解它们从源头到汇的传输，为这些 CaPSA 优先事项做出贡献。最终，我们的目标是贡献制定防御策略所需的科学。减少环境中微粒的输入和危害 ****** 实现我们的研究目标取决于能够识别每个微粒中的化学物质的可靠分析仪器；因为化学成分，因此这是必要的。来源，我们有机会适应微粒识别，这是一种现有的“高端”微型 FTIR，以前用于矿物识别。这种改造需要购买新的硬件和软件才能用于微粒识别。购买“清洁”处理样品所需的层流柜。******我们的要求对于履行我们资助和拟议项目的设备义务至关重要，这些项目包括：(1) 调查“下沉”环境。从安大略省南部和温尼伯湖延伸到通过表征水和沉积物中的微粒来研究北极（由多伦多大学北方污染物计划资助，安大略省环境、保护和公园部 (MECP) 提供实物支持；(2) 表征来源，值得注意的衣物洗涤（由环境和环境部资助） (3) 研究大气传输路径（加拿大卫生部）、城市风暴和废水传输路径（多伦多大学；加拿大渔业和海洋部）； (4) 开发可靠、快速和具有成本效益的采样、样品处理和鉴定方法（所有资金来源）。迄今为止，我们已聘请了 18 名本科生、3 名硕士、2 名博士和 1 名博士后研究员，并为 2 名研究人员提供了新的资助每年还有额外的博士生和 3 名硕士生以及至少 5 名本科生，这些学生获得的技能使他们在这个快速发展的领域具有很强的就业竞争力。然而，所有这些工作都取决于我们对所需样品进行化学表征的能力。下处理清洁的条件，这激发了本次资助申请。**