DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN OMNI-DIRECTIONAL BIOFIDELIC THREE-DIMENSIONAL SURROGATE NECK FOR HELMET AND AUTOMOTIVE CRASH TESTING

用于头盔和汽车碰撞测试的全向生物仿真三维替代颈部的设计和构建

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06013
• 负责人: Cripton, Peter
• 金额: $ 3.21万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=688772
• 关键词: DESIGN; CONSTRUCTION; OMNI; DIRECTIONAL; BIOFIDELIC

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN OMNI-DIRECTIONAL BIOFIDELIC THREE-DIMENSIONAL SURROGATE NECK FOR HELMET AND AUTOMOTIVE CRASH TESTING ******Injuries to the head and neck result in catastrophic disability and the disruptions in quality of life are significant, as are costs to the injured persons, their families and the medical systems and societies in which these injuries happen. The head and neck protect the most important elements of the central nervous system, the brain and spinal cord. Surrogate necks of various designs are used to simulate the response of the healthy human neck, and thus to control and prescribe head motion and head impacts in response to torso impact or acceleration and they control the motion of a test head form after impact to the head form. Surrogate necks are used in automotive crash testing and, increasingly, these neck forms are also being used in helmet test standards and test rigs. This is because they allow and control head rotation and rotational acceleration of the head and brain is increasingly studied as it has been established to play a central role in concussion and more serious injuries to the brain. ***These necks are also used in head-first impact scenarios to study devices designed to prevent cervical spine injuries in head first impacts (such as those occurring in head-to-roof impacts in automotive rollovers and in head to ground, player, obstacle etc. during sports such as mountain biking and hockey). The most common surrogate neck used in these contexts is the Hybrid III dummy neck is composed of a rubber column with embedded metal discs and with sections of the rubber removed to allow flexibility in various directions. Specialized automotive dummy necks have been designed for low-speed impacts and motorcycle crash testing, but we are unaware of one designed for head-first impacts or one designed to have omni-directional biofidelic response. Such a device will play a key role in preventing the most serious and catastrophic injuries to the central nervous system (i.e. both SCI and TBI). Therefore, it is our objective to design, build and characterize a three-dimensional mechanical model of the cervical spine that exhibits humanlike kinematics and kinetics, and temporal characteristics. The mechanical spine will reproduce humanlike response in axial impacts, as well as in any combination of axial loading with frontal, transverse and sagittal plane components. We will refer to this neck as the ODN (Omni-Directional-Neck).

用于头盔和汽车碰撞测试的全向生物逼真三维替代颈部的设计和构造 ****** 头部和颈部受伤会导致灾难性的残疾，对生活质量造成严重影响，造成的费用也很高受伤者、他们的家人以及发生这些伤害的医疗系统和社会。头部和颈部保护中枢神经系统、大脑和脊髓最重要的部分。各种设计的替代颈部用于模拟健康人体颈部的反应，从而控制和规定响应躯干冲击或加速度的头部运动和头部冲击，并且它们控制头部冲击后测试头部模型的运动形式。替代颈部用于汽车碰撞测试，并且这些颈部形式也越来越多地用于头盔测试标准和测试台。这是因为它们允许和控制头部旋转，并且头部和大脑的旋转加速受到越来越多的研究，因为它已被确定在脑震荡和更严重的大脑损伤中发挥核心作用。 ***这些颈部还用于头先碰撞场景，以研究旨在防止头先碰撞中颈椎受伤的设备（例如在汽车翻车和头对地、玩家、山地自行车和曲棍球等运动中的障碍物等）。在这些情况下最常见的替代颈部是 Hybrid III 假人颈部，它由带有嵌入式金属盘的橡胶柱组成，并且去除了部分橡胶以允许在各个方向上具有灵活性。专门的汽车假人颈部是为低速碰撞和摩托车碰撞测试而设计的，但我们不知道有哪一款是为头部碰撞而设计的，或者是为具有全方位生物逼真响应而设计的。这种装置将在预防中枢神经系统最严重和灾难性损伤（即 SCI 和 TBI）方面发挥关键作用。因此，我们的目标是设计、构建和表征颈椎的三维力学模型，该模型表现出类人的运动学和动力学以及时间特征。机械脊柱将在轴向冲击以及轴向载荷与正面、横向和矢状面分量的任意组合中再现类似人类的响应。我们将该颈部称为 ODN（全向颈部）。